88 
Synopsis of the Birds 
Nashville Warbler, Sylvia ruficapilla ( rubricapilla ), Wils . 
Jim . Orn . Mi. p. 120. jt?/. W.fig. 3. 
Inhabits Tennesse, and the neighbouring states, in sum- 
mer ; rare : occasionally visits Pennsylvania in the spring. 
142. Sylvia celata, Say. Greenish-olive ; crown with a 
fulvous spot ; beneath olive-yellow ; vent yellow ; wings 
without bands. 
Orange-crowned Warbler , Sylvia celata , Nob. Jim . Orn. 
i . p. 45. pl* 5. ^ . 2. 
Inhabits Missouri in summer : rather common. 
23: SAXICOLA. 
Motacilla , L. Gm. Cuv. 111. Ficedula , Briss. Sylvia 
Lath. Saxicola, Bechst. Temm. Ranz. (Enanthe , Vieill. 
Vitiflora , Stephens. 
Bill short, straight, slender, subulate, wider than high at 
base, cleft nearly to the eyes, furnished with bristles at 
base ; edges indexed ; upper mandible carinated, curved at 
tip, notched, somewhat obtuse ; lower shorter, straight, en- 
tire, acute : nostrils basal, lateral, oval, partly closed by a 
membrane : tongue cartilaginous, emarginate at tip. Tar- 
sus rather long and slender ; toes moderate ; inner free ; hind 
toe a little shorter than the inner, but more robust; hind 
nail stoutest, shorter than the toe, arcuated. Wings rather 
long ; second and third primaries longest. 
Female generally resembling the young, and differing con- 
siderably from the male. Moult annuaily, but from the wear- 
ing away of their feathers, their spring dress is brighter than 
that of autumn. 
Timid ; restless. Reside in open and principally stony 
countries; live in families or small flocks. Feed chiefly on 
insects, which they take with great agility of wing. Build 
on the ground amongst stones, grass, or in holes in fences and 
trees ; egg s 4 — 5, bluish. Some are always on the ground^ 
