391 
of the United States. 
Inhabits throughout North America, breeding in the north, 
wintering in the south : not uncommon during spring and 
autumn in the middle states. Closely allied to F. leuco- 
cephala, of the old continent, and apparently also to A. ja- 
maicensis, Lath, with which it is perhaps identical.* 
SUBGENUS IV. FULIGULA. 
Les Millouins, Cuv. Fuligula , Leach. Steph . JVyrqca 5 
Flem. Aythya , Boie. 
Bill long, broad, flat, hardly gibbous at base, somewhat 
dilated at the end. Nostrils basal, suboval. Tail short, of 
fourteen feathers. 
Trachea dilating to the left into a partly membranous cap- 
sule, sustained by an osseous frame, and osseous ramifications. 
337. Fuligula labradora Nob. Mirror broadly white ; bill 
soft and membranous at tip, orange and cerelike at base. 
Male black ; head, neck, breast, scapulars, wing-coverts 
and secondaries, white ; crown, and a collar round the neck, 
black. 
Female ashy-gray. 
Pied Duck , Anas labradora , Wils. Am. Orn . viii. p. 91. 
pi. 6 9. fig. 6. male. 
Inhabits the north of America, where it breeds, not extend- 
* Fuligula leucocephala , Nob. No mirror ; bill gibbous and with two 
ridges, with a channel between, at base ; nostrils large, subrounded, pro- 
jecting ; tail-feathers canaliculated throughout. 
Male reddish-brown; top of the head and neck above, black ; front, nape, 
cheeks and throat, white. 
Female finely mixed with blackish, whitish, and rusty ; crown wholly 
blackish ; sides of the head and throat white. 
White-headed Duck , Lath. Anatra dHnverno , St. degli Ucc. v. pi. 057. 
male. Anas mersa et leucocephala , Gm. 
Inhabits northern Asia and eastern Europe : an accidental winter visi- 
tant in Italy, and even the northern coasts of Africa. 
