392 Synopsis of the Birds 
in g to the Arctic circle : very rare during winter in the mid- 
dle states. 
338. Fuligxjla vallisneuia, Steph. Mirror gray; bill straight, 
more than two and a half inches long, sides parallel. 
Male white, waved with black ; head tinged with black 
anteriorly, and with the neck glossy chesnut ; a black pec- 
toral belt. 
Female dull whitish, waved with black ; head, neck and 
breast, brownish. 
Canvas-hacked Duck , Anas valisneria , Wils. Am. Orn . viii. 
p. 103. pi. 70. fig. 5. 
Inhabits North America, not extending to the Arctic circle: 
common during winter in the middle states: breeds to the 
north. Flesh exquisite, and in high repute, while feeding on 
certain vegetables, in peculiar districts. 
339. Fuligula ferina, Steph. Mirror gray ; bill rather re- 
curved, little more than two inches long, dilated at tip. 
Male ash, thickly waved with black lines ; head and ante- 
rior part of the neck only, wholly chesnut ; a broad black 
pectoral belt. 
Female wholly brown of various tints. 
Red-headed Duck, Anas ferina, Wils. Am. Orn. viii. p. no. 
pi. 70. fig. 6. 
Inhabits the north of both continents, spreading widely in 
its hybernal migrations : common during winter in the mid- 
dle states, and also in Italy. 
340. Fuligula marila, Steph. Mirror white; bill very broad; 
no crest. 
Male glossy black, scapulars waved with w'hite. 
Female brown, near the bill whitish. 
Scaup Duck, Anas marila, Wils. Am. Orn. viii. p. 84. 
pi. 69- fig* 8. 
Inhabits the north of both continents, whence it migrates 
in winter to temperate climates : very common throughout 
