430 
Synopsis of the Birds 
Young, bill much smaller, hardly grooved. 
Puffin of Wilson's list 9 Mormon glacialis, Leach. Never 
figured. Omitted in my Catalogue. 
Inhabits the Arctic parts of both continents : not uncom- 
mon in winter on the coasts of the United States : a rare and 
accidental winter visitant in northern Europe. 
S80. Mormon arcticus, 111. Black, beneath white ; a broad 
collar round the neck black ; bill red, exceedingly compres- 
sed, both mandibles with at least three lateral grooves before 
the nostrils, lower but little curved. 
Young, bill yellowish-dusky, smooth. 
Puffin of Wilson's list ? Buff. pi. enl. 275* adult. Alca 
arctica , L. A. lahradora , et deleata , auct. Mormon fra- 
tercula, Temm. 
Inhabits the north of both continents, migrating in winter 
to the temperate shores of the United States and Europe. 
89.* ALCA. 
Alca, L. Gm. Briss. Lath. III. Cuv . Temm. Vieill. Ranz . 
Chenalopex, Mo e bring. Torda, Dumeril. Penguin , Lacep «, 
Bill shorter than the head, robust, cultrate-compressed? 
broad at base, higher in the middle, feathered to the nostrils, 
hence much compressed, swoln, grooved and plaited on the 
sides, hooked at the point ; margins angular; upper mandi- 
ble convex, strongly curved from the middle, hooked and 
acute at tip ; lower gibbous below the point, shorter, oblique- 
ly truncated ; thick feathers of the face advancing on both 
mandibles to the middle : nostrils medial, marginal, short,, 
linear, pervious, half closed by the feathered membrane, not 
perceptible : tongue thick, oblong, entire, acute. Head 
* Having 1 decided to adopt Garrulus as an independent genus, composed 
of Garrulus acid Pica, subgenera of Corvus, the total number of our NortK 
American genera is carried to ninety. 
