440 
Sylvia furva. The species ought therefore to be called Troglody- 
tes furvus (_ fulvus ?) 
Note 14. Troglodytes europacus. We have not been able to 
detect any distinctive mark between the European and American 
Wren, although their habits are different. If they should prove dis- 
tinct, the appropriate name Tr. kyemalis , Vieill. must prevail. 
Page 103. Emberiza. Add the following species. 
SUBQEIVUS PLECTROPHANES. 
158. bis. Emberiza lapponica, Nilss. Quills black ; two outer 
tail-feathers brownish-black, with a white spot at tip ; hind 
nail very long, straight. 
Male in full plumage, head and breast black ; beneath 
white, neck above bright rufous. 
Male in winter, female and young, blackish skirted with 
rufous, beneath white. 
J apland Longspur, Emberiza lapponica , Nob . ii. pi. 13. 
Jig. 2. male. Jig. young female. Fringilla lapponicaf L . 
Emberiza calcarata , Temm. 
Inhabits the northern regions of both continents, breeding 
within the Arctic circle, descending in severe winters in large 
flocks to the most northern parts of the United States. 
159. Emberiza nivalis, L. Quills white, the six exterior 
widely black at the point ; tail black, three outer feathers 
white at base ; hind nail curved. 
Note 15. Fringilla pensylvanica. This species and the fob 
lowing, approach very near the subgenus Fringilla. The truth is, 
that this and Spiza, like many others, pass insensibly into each 
other. 
Note 16. If this synonym be correct, the ungrammatical name 
melodia , must give place to that of fasciata. 
Note 17. Fringilla erytiiropthalma. This somewhat anom- 
alous species, forms the type of Vieillot’s genus Pipilo. Several 
