Wright.] 
442 
[Jan. 1, 
Again, we know that whenever a pointed stylus or tool is 
drawn along a plastic surface, so as to plow a furrow in that sur- 
face, the material upon each side of the furrow will be thrown up 
into an elevated ridge, and if the substance is gritty, the ridges 
will have a ragged summit. There are many such ragged- topped 
ridges along the margins of the strokes upon this image, espec- 
ially in the protected hollows, where some of them are as sharp 
and distinct as if freshly made. 
And still again, there are certain excavated, V-shaped troughs 
or grooves between the members of the body, as between the arms 
and the trunk, which had once been moulded into final form ; but 
into these excavations there were afterwards pushed out, by mala- 
droit strokes of the tool, ridges of the material which partially 
roofed over the cavity, j T et leaving the original excavation under- 
neath plainly discernible. To specify, this may be seen in the 
grooves behind the right arm, both forearm and upper-arm, and in 
the space between the lower limbs. It is a disposition of material 
that could not have been left in a brittle substance. Finally, there 
are some cuts left by the tool, so sharp and clean and deep, as to 
demonstrate that the material was not brittle, but which at the 
same time give us a record of the exact dimensions of the tool that 
was used. At the junction of the limbs there is one such stroke, 
which left a gash only one seventy-fifth of an inch wide, by meas- 
urement, though many times as deep and long. The margins are 
perfectly sharp and parallel and smooth, and show that some tool, 
like a knife blade or piece of tin, must have been used. The crev- 
ice will just admit a thin knife blade. 
I regard the external markings, therefore, as sufficient to show 
the original plasticity of the material, but it will be seen that all 
the subsequent steps of the examination also confirm this theory. 
MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF THE MATERIAL. 
The unaided eye readily distinguishes two elements in the mate- 
rial of the image. The first is the fine-grained, homogeneous, ful- 
vous powder that constitutes the principal part of the whole. By 
a little boring with a knife blade at the fracture of the leg, this 
material was found to break down with greater facility than would 
be experienced with an ordinary red brick. The tenacity of the 
material is not great. The powder was too fine to be called sand 
and yet not so fine as the elements of porcelain clay. When moist- 
