THE DESERTS 
171 
of the western United States where the desert palm is found, its 
•presence is a sure indicator of water, usually not more than a foot 
or two away from its base. Other palms in other deserts are also 
good water indicators ( see desert plants, p. 119 ) . 
In deserts where there are appreciable numbers of animals, 
you may find water by following their trails. The water to 
which they go may be on the surface or slightly beneath it. 
You will see where they have pawed or dug the sand to get 
at the water. 
If you find surface water that is polluted or briny, dig a 
hole in the sand close to it and downhill from it (or deeper 
than it). Do not attempt to connect the two holes. The wall 
of sand between them should act as a filter and the water as 
it soaks through into the hole you have made will be relatively 
free from salt and pollution. Presence of briny surface water 
may mean pure water deeper down. Dig a deeper hole nearby 
to get the pure water. 
Do not drink all your water when you see a lake or stream. 
Wait until you get to it. It may be a mirage and leave you 
in a far worse plight than before. 
If you come to a water hole or small oasis you can replenish 
your supplies of water and food. Boil all the water before 
using it or storing it in your canteens for the next trek. Cook 
any food you may get from natives at an oasis. Do not trust 
ready-cooked food or raw fruits and vegetables. (See Polluted 
Foods, p. 130.) 
FOOD 
Go over what food you have and decide on a daily ration. 
Eat as little as possible. The more you eat the more water 
