56 
The fruit is a small globose nut with three long narrow wings 
linear rounded about 7 veined, and reticulated 3 inches long i inch 
wide, yellow, when ripe turning brown, the other two wings of the 
calyx are much smaller linear and narrow. The tree is rather 
liable to the attacks of insects, so much so that the results of their 
attacks may be often found useful in identifying young plants in 
the jungles. 
The branches are often swollen in a fusiform manner. 1 nese 
when opened are found to contain curious brown chitinous angled 
bodies broad at the base and prolonged at the point into a long 
beak which terminates close to the surface. These are the eggs 
of an insect probably a cicada. 
Underneath the leaves are often to be seen the felled galls pro- 
duced by a Gallmite. The nerves and midrib are swollen for part 
or the whole of the length, and edged with small brown patches 
nearly continuous which under a lens appear honey-combed. These 
are patches of the tufted hairs produced by the irritation due to 
the action of the minute white gallmites which may be seen under 
a lens swarming on the leaves. They appear to burrow in the 
soft tissue parallel to the midrib or vein and produce this morbid 
outgrowth partly of cortex and partly of hairs. 
The commonest gall produced on the ends of the branches is 
about an inch long rounded but thickly covered with processes so 
as to resemble the fruit of a chestnut. Another I have more rarely 
seen is oval or globose beaked about two inches long and an inch 
through at the thickest part, and perfectly smooth and shining 
when dry. 
These galls all occur on big trees as well as on young plants 
and are very characteristic of the species. 
The tree is abundant in the jungles of Singapore, Malacca, 
Perak and Selangor. It flowers only once in six years, so tiiat its 
flowers and fruits are rarely to be met with but when it does fruit 
it produces a great deal of seed, and seedlings spring up in vast 
numbers near a tree after flowering. The growth of a tree is very 
slow, but I have but few data as to its growth. A tree of nine 
years of age is about ten feet tall and about 4" through at tlie^base. 
Another tree which could not be more than 15 years old was 
about 30 feet in height and 6 inches in diameter, its wood showed 
16 rings of growth but they were rather obscure and ill-marked. 
The stem and branches when cut or broken exude a quantity 
of Damar, sometimes clear and transparent, but becoming yellow 
outside. A good deal of the ground dainar which is dug up in Sing- 
apore and elsewhere, appears to have originally been derived from 
these trees. The timber of young trees at least is that of an ordi- 
nary Serayah, the rings rather distant, pores moderate size ; the 
heart-wood distinct reddish, a tolerably light and good Serayah. 
Weight 55 lbs. £ oz. (Maingay) S. 54 lbs. 
The" wood commonly known as Seraya Batu is stated to be 
derived from this tree, it is a harder and closer-grained dark brown 
wood with numerous smaller pores. 
This wood is much valued for planks, boxes, etc., but is seldom 
