Castanopsis javanica, A. De C. Kata Tangga. 
A big tree with large leaves, large prickly chestnuts containing 
one seed. , , ; 
Wood light red to fawn colour, dull dark red (Maingay) some- 
times tinted yellow, rays very line and close, concentrics very ne 
wavy and numerous, pores rather large surrounded by softer paler 
tissue in short rows, rings fairly distinct. A poor wood, rather 
heavy and apt to split. Used for bowls and other domestic articles. 
Weight 58 lbs. 7^ ozs. (Maingay), (S.) 49 lbs. 9 ozs. to 58 lbs. 8 ozs. 
C. Wallichii, King. 
Rather a tall tree with grey bark, attains a height of 60 feet and 
diameter of 1 i foot. Apt to decay up the centre. 
Bark grey, chestnuts spiny. . n 
Wood pale fawn colour rather heavy, pores in rows rather sma , 
surrounded by light coloured tissue, rays exceedingly fine, concen- 
trics rather or very obscure. Weight 43 lbs, 14 czs. 
C, Hullettii , King. Berangan Papan. 
A big tree with grey bark, about 60 feet tall and 2 feet through. 
Leaves large, chestnuts hardly prickly. _ . . 
Wood yellowish white to brown, pores large in rows, containing 
a shining resin when dry, rays very fine, concentrics o scure. 
Weight 41 lbs. 7 ozs. to 88 lbs. 
CASUARINE^E. 
Casuarina equisetifolui, Forst. ,f Ru. 
A tall tree attaining a height of 80 feet and two feet diameter. 
Common along the sea shores where sandy, and also planted. 
Timber heavy and hard red brown, pores mediocre to small, scat- 
tered, rays very fine, concentrics wavy fine and close, broken up. 
Weight 54 lbs. 10 ozs. to 60 lbs. This is a fairly fast growing tree 
in suitable localities. The wood is hard and suitable for posts, as it 
is very durable, and rarely touched by termites. It is stated to be 
exceptionally good as firewood, burning better than Mangrove. 
DRAINING LAND FOR COCO-NUT PLANTATION. 
Important as the industry of planting Coco-nuts is in the Island 
of Singapore, the appearance of many of them, especially of those 
in low^lyinor situations is not such as would lead one to think that 
they receive adequate attention from the owners. The proportion 
which the number of weak or diseased plants in a plantation bears 
to that of good, healthy full-bearing trees is unusually very high . 
Trees with lean and tapering- stems crowned with a meagre tuft 
of pale leaves, often curiously dipt or marked by beetles are very 
much in evidence in plantations occupying low grounds And 
many of these miserable specimens of coco- nut palm have, betore 
attaining their mature growth, either stretched themselves on the 
ground or are fast approaching this total collapse. It need hardly 
