2l6 
same way as in other lands. In 1895 it exported 634,000 bales, at 
400 lbs. each. 
According to Foaden, the present production is about 557 > 5 0O >° 00 
pounds of & fibre, of which the greatest part is exported and 
810,000,000 litres of cotton seed of which also the greatest part is 
exported. . 
Extensive irrigation and drainage systems are in use, which un- 
questionably increase the production. 
Other agricultures are abandoned in order to work more ex- 
clusively on cotton. , 
The average product of the Government lands amounted to 44 lbs. 
per bouw, during the years 1879-1894, representing a value of 
/l 86.50. During the 3 years, 1892, 1893 and 1894. the value ol tne 
Brutto product per bouw amounted /2 2 7— the while, according to 
FoADEN the value of the product of the present day G estimated at 
/288.80. The cotton seed brings in / 19.70 P cr bo . uvv > whlk lVie 
woody part of the cotton shrub is used as fuel which represents 
another sum of/ 10.90 per bouw. The total cost of production is 
estimated at / 201.20 per bouw, while the fibres, seeds etc., realise 
/288.80 pet bouw giving the farmer a profit 01/87.60 per bouw. 
More attention is paid to the packing in Egypt than m America. 
There is still, even if not much, some Egyptian cotton, exported 
to America. 
In the expenses, rent and irrigation stand foremost. Alone for 
rent and taxes one pays in Egypt/118— per bouw, while irrigation 
costs /30.60 per bouw. The remaining expenses are small as may 
be seen from the table below. 
Rent, inclusive of taxes 
Irrigation 
Preparation of the land, sowing, manuring etc. 
Seeds 
Upkeep, shovelling, thinning etc ... 
Plucking wages 
Total, .. 
/ 118.- 
„ 30.60 
,, 24.10 
„ 2.20 
„ 8.70 
„ 17-50 
f 201.10 
As an average produce, Foaden gives 60O lbs. pm bouw, but 
good soils yield well over 1,225 lbs. per bouw. 
The cost of production then amounts to, after deducting the 
seeds and fuel, f 28.3 per lb. an amount considerably higher than 
that for American cotton. But this is largely compensated for oy 
the higher prices that are paid for Egyptian cotton. 
From the above account of expenses it can be seen, why in 
Egypt the cotton is not only grown extensively, but as the chief 
'^fwe turn to British India, after America, one of the chief cot- 
ton growing lands, then we see in the comparison with America 
and Egypt that there the cotton industry is going rather backwards 
than forwards. It gives the planters little advantage to extend 
their places, which is the reason why they leave this culture. 
