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strong turf which will prevent slipping of the clay to a very large 
extent: in damp soil among bushes and in hedges it becomes scan- 
dent climbing for some height, the leaves and flower spikes be- 
coming much larger. It will grow any where except in very wet 
soil, and is common on the sea-shore. Where it grows rank it 
makes a good fodder. 
There are several other / schcemurns in the Peninsula but they are 
mostly coarse tufted grasses of no value. /. timorenss w r hich re- 
sembles /. cilia turn but is more tall and slender and does not creep 
so much, though unsuitable for turfing forms a very good fodder. 
It is common on roadsides. 
Paspalum conjugation is a very far-creeping grass with bright 
green rather broad leaves, fairly long and wide. Its inflorescence 
is tall and slender, of two very slender widely spreading spikes with 
small round yellow spikelets all arranged on one side of the spike. 
It is almost certainly an introduction from Brazil, but is now very 
widely spread over the tropics. It is of very rapid growth, very 
quickly covering bare ground with its long creeping stems so that 
it is verv suitable for covering steep banks, as well as ordinary flat 
clay land. The spikelets which adhere to animals fur, and to cloth- 
ing are readily carried about so that the plant is very abundant 
everywhere. Like I sc hoe mum citiare, it can defeat Lalang under 
good circumstances. The leaves are rather too bhoad to be recom- 
mended for tennis lawns but for ordinary turf it is very good. 
Paspalum platycaule is a broad leaved grass of rapid growth, 
somewhat similar, but the bright green shining leaves are wavy 
and broader, the flower spikes more numerous. It is a native of 
the West Indies, and lias lately established itself in Singapore. 
The leaves are too broad for a good turfing grass but it makes neat 
grass edges for beds, etc. 
P. scrobiculatum is one of the most widely distributed and varia- 
ble grasses of the tropics, and is very abundant in the Straits. Like 
the other species of the genus the racliis of the spikes, of which there 
are usually three or four, is flattened with the small round spikelets 
in rows on one side. It is very common in grass plots, roadsides, 
and in many wet or dry spots. The stem however, creeps but little 
or not at all so that it forms tufts with erect narrow leaves, and is 
therefore less suitable for turfing though it does very well for filling 
up spots in stiff clay soils where it is difficult to get anything to 
grow. It comes in very well also as fodder grass. 
Paspalum sanguinale var debile is a slender creeping grass with 
very narrow grey leaves, very conspicuous from its colour. The 
flowering stem is slender, with three terminal spreading spikes, 
very slender, with minute spikelets. This is an excellent grass for 
tennis lawns, creeping well and forming a good mat with its very 
fine leaves. It is not so rapid a grower as P. conjugatum and 
seems to require rather better soil. 
Zoysia pungens is rather a stiff little grass with short erect or 
creeping stems and very narrow almost needle-like leaves. It usual- 
