— 195 — 
(b) TI 10 nouns tli ai- still retain tho primitivo form, i.e. with vowel 
root in the second person, require a consonant prefix (as it were a 
covering) in the other persons, e.g. lst pers., Y-ot (my chest) ; 3rd pers., 
T-ot (liis chest) ; lst pers. pl., S-ot (our chest). 
(c) The nouns tliat liave acquired a permanent initial consonant 
prefix the vowel i in the first and third person, e.g. i-les (my and his 
children), exception being made in the two importan! hy and fu 
sections. 
23. The further development of nouns by the addition of syllables 
is shewn under the various partióles, Chaps. VII-XXVI, e.g. ico (the 
neck), that which encircles ; ka-ico , a servan!, attendant ; ka-wo-ki, 
a female servant ; ico-na, a liat. Numerous examples are given (see, 
e.g., Chap. XXI) to illustrate the various prefixes losing their pro- 
nominal use and becoming incorporated into the nouns hke the L.-M : 
dp (mase, pref.), aica (woven thing) to Ápáiva (blanket), which would 
require an absolute pronoun to denote possession, e.g. aparca dpdnkuk 
(his blanket), the original prefix dp having los! its distinctive forcé of 
“ his,” and has become, if anything, an inseparable article. 
IV. Infleotions of CONJUQ AT10N 
1. With some verbs in Choroti as the indeclinable po (possess), the 
personal pronouns are simply prefixed ; in ordinary use even with 
verbs that suífer inflection the personal pronouns precede the verb, 
e.g. Am ape (thou returnest) ; in imperative forms, if emphatic, the 
pronoun follows, e.g. Ape ah (return thou) ; but if it is simple command 
the word A pe (return) is sufficient. 
2. As with the nouns the second person is the root form of the verb, 
and in Choroti, Vejoz, Suhin and Toba serves for both the imperative 
and indicative, e.g. CH. ak (go thou, or thou goest). In Lengua- 
Mascoy the imperative is distinct and forms the radical of the verb 
e.g. i-Ma, take thou ; yi-Muk, thou takest (or wilt take) ; ap-Meyi, 
thou art taking ; dp-Ma, thy taking, that which thou takest, thy 
takor, lioldor. 
3. In Quechua tho imperative is a simplo form, tho indicativo being 
formed with the addition of n : Muna-i , love thou ; Muna-ni, I love ; 
Muna-nki, thou lovest ; Muna-n, he loves ; Muna-i or Muna-y, 
my love. 
4. In Guarani the imperative closely follows the indicative of 
2nd pers., E-mboé or Tere-mboé, teacli thou ; Ere-mboé, thou teachest. 
Possession of the nouns is indicated by prefixing the personal pronouns, 
e.g. che , I ; che po, my hand ( CHE is pronounced SHE). 
