198 — 
12. The aspírate in the Vejoz o both of tho pronoun and the partióle 
is variable, but tho no of the objeetivo (aj-no, strikc me) is olear ; in 
the negativo thero is a variation between the h, n, and unaspirated 
vowel, whicli is a suffix in Vejoz, but preíixes in Choro ti, Suhin, and 
Toba. 
V. s-ita, bad ; wuj-hita, not big ; ivuj-nita, dialectal, not big. 
The y is also used as in is-iyata, not good. 
Ch. he-es, not good ; fu-esi, bad ; ats-es or hats-es, I am not good. 
S. s-as, bad ; ni-ivan, I see not ; na-ioan , he sees not. 
T. sa-dañi, not hard, soft ; sa-sa-yaten, I do not know. 
From the above it is evident from every point of view tliat the in- 
terest centres in the consonants y versus s ; and h versus n. 
13. The Toba distinguishes its objective and nominative by y 
and s : 
NY-ami, give to me S-ami, I give 
The Choroti reverses the order and malees its objective with ó' : 
SI -ive, sees me A-ive, I see 
The Vejoz malees its objective with n : 
aj-no, strilee me oy-aj, or hoy-aj, I strilee 
The Quechua distinguishes its direct object (first to second person) 
by i or y in contrast to the ni of the ordinary indicative : 
Muña- i-ki, I love theo Muna-ni, T lovo 
and by hua or iva (second to first person) : 
Muna-wa-nki, thou lovest me Muna-nki, thou lovest 
14. In Aymara there are two personal pronouns in the singular 
ha and na ; in Vejoz there are two in the first plural (partióles of verbs) 
na and ya ; the chief point of divergence in the particles of the first 
person in Aymara and Quechua is the y and h (also t and n) : 
Q. Uma-y AY. Phekeña-ha my head 
Q. Yacha-n-i AY. Yaticha-t-ha I know 
15. In Lengua-Mascoy one dialect is distinguished from another 
chiefly by the h and n and also by i and á : 
ik-him ik-nim sun ho-wu no-um like, equal 
ab-ik ab-ák corpse yák-hik yák-hák kill 
H is objective, and n is negative (prohibitivo) in the same language : 
H-imyo, save me ; nák-h-imyo, do not save me ; na-imyo, 
do not save ; H-elapais, send us ; n-elapais, do not ye send. 
