— 224 
Pe, pi, pu, shade, shadow, soul ; T. KI ; V. pe-yák ; S. j-jñk ; 
L.-M. pi-schi-schi (the personality, a reílexive idea — to tread on 
an Indian’s shadow deliberately is the deepest insult). 
Pe, oil ; V. pe. 
Pehomat. Seo wowi. 
Pe, pi, a number of equations oxist in Vojoz and Suhiu and tho olhcr 
dialects, but the reflexive partióles (prefix and sufíix) of the 
different dialects must be talcen into account, and the various 
words traced through many linos to be sure of the identity. It 
will be at once noticed that words in p (initial) are for the most 
part nouns, and the initial lctter often shows tribal or other 
relation, diífering with the various peoples, thus introducing a 
number of principies of balance and contrast beyond the scope of 
the present artiole. 
Po, to possess (a verb) ; ka, a possession (substantive). 
Po, full. 
Po, many, big. 
Po, to cover, block up, lili, shut, wrap, etc. 
The root (or roots) po is very widespread and with numerous 
derivatives (see wu). Po is used as a plural partióle to nouns, and 
sometimes with a verbal idea ; tiete-po, eyes ; iivos-po, to be full* 
of maggots; thlas-po, possessing achild. The last example is the 
common uso of tho partióle. 
XXI. The Conson ant Iv 
K . If frequency and ubiquity are tests of magnitude the letter k ranks 
first among the consonants. As prefix, infix, and suffix it has 
varied uses, frequently diífering in meaning with the change of 
vowel preceding or following. 
Ka. The ka prefix is used in a variety of ways : 
(1) With future form ; ka-ta like the Toba ká-mele or ko-mele gives 
the idea of adverb of time, when, at, then. etc, e.g. ka thloma ta, 
to-morrow, i.e. to (be) day shall (be) ; ka afuerita náp ta, at 
cock crowing, i.e. to (be) cock crow shall (be) ; ka ajna, at 
night, or thon being night. N.B. — Ka is tho substantivo verb 
in Quechua. 
(2) With nouns to diíferentiate, denote possession by, or indícate 
special use, e.g. kiwet, mouth ; ka-kiwet, entrance to a cow-pen ; 
anat, land, earth, ground ; ka-anat, estáte, land of, property 
owned ; tosine, a shell ; ka-tosine, a spoon. Ka is suffixed 
