— 232 — 
Ne (1) down ; aj-ne , let down ; (2) towards ; ho-ne, bring. 
Ne, ni (1) younger members of the family ; ij-nia , younger sistcr ; 
(2) family ; ayi-ne, man ; asee-ne , woman. 
Ne, fu ture ; ayik, I go ; ayik-ne, I shall go. 
Nes, nis, ring, that which encircles or overhangs ; hyuki-nes, a ring ; 
wo-nis, mane of horse. 
Nik, cf. nes ; kyo-wo-nik, bracelet. 
N. cf. na, termination to nouns ; iva te, turn ; ti-watan, grindstone. 
Na, ina, makes verbs of nouns ; yas, my son ; a-yas-ina, to adopt ; 
to’se, smoke ; ti-tus-ina, to smoke, make a smoke. 
Na, ni, etc., causative ; wom, big ; wom-ine, add ; pom-na, make big ; 
wosa, fíat ; tvos-ini, to make flat. 
Note. — A comparison with the Vejoz vocabulary initial n 
shews many equations under the same letter in Choro ti. 
XXV. The Conhonant 'I 1 
T. (See n.) The t and n forrn the distinguishing marks of two great 
divisions in the Chaco languages and beyond. In Toba the two 
great divisions of nouns are characterised in the first person plural 
by kana or leona and kada or koda (some words in kata) ; and many 
similar contrasts of n and t have already been noted ; as a furtlier 
example, take the yan and yat augmentative prefixes in Lengua- 
Mascoy, the former used with feminine, the latter with masculine 
nouns. Many important words connected with the mother 
(chest, breast, suele, etc.) in Choroti, Toba, Vejoz and Suhin are 
indicated with t ( e.g . te, the feminine of ta, for mother) ; the 
Quechua, Mojo, Lengua-Mascoy, and Enimaga use n, e.g. Q. ñuñu, 
woman’s bosom ; M. eno ; L.-M. inkyin ; En. nana, mother. 
This is but one example out of many to illustrate the great 
principie of the two strains running through the Chaco 
group. 
T, l, ih. (1) The t, l and th sounds frequently cross each other treating of 
the various dialects and even in one dialect. In Choroti the 
th is a very soft sound, so that a word like thlahepa (nothing) 
is often sounded as lahepa. 
(2) l and th are equivalents, e.g. Ch. kioth, kiol, locust ; V. thlaichath, 
thlaichal, branch ; L.-M. pith-tin, pil-tin, moon ; kil, kyith, 
a prefix ; l takes the place of th in Toba, no th sound 
existing. 
(3) The sound th when final (as in kioth, locust), becomes thl wlien 
