1881 .] 
227 
[Burgess. 
muscles. One pair of these is attached at the anterior end of 
the pharynx, on either side of the frontal ganglion. (See fig- 
ure 1, where the frontal ganglion and the nervus recurrens 
is represented by dots, see also figure 2./*. g.) Three other mus- 
cles on each side, lying close together, are inserted just before the 
brain. 
The pharynx contracts to pass through the nerve collar (figures 
1 and 2), but expands again behind it, as large as before, and then 
gradually contracts towards the oesophagus (figs. 1 and 2). Be- 
tween the annular muscular bands of this hind part of the pharynx, 
are inserted on each side, a dorsal and a ventral series of slender 
suspensory muscles. The dorsal series (see figure 1, and figure 2, s. 
m. 1 ) passes between the layers of the great adductor of the man- 
dibles and is attached to the epicranium ; while the ventral series 
(figure 2 s. m. 2 ) is attached to the posterior branch of the slender 
Fig. 4. Interior view of right half of head, X 18, showing the narrow slit between 
the clypeus and the labrum ( Ibm .) bounded behind by the mouth lock, m., the mouth 
with the ridge ( r .) in its roof, and the process ( pr .) arising from its floor, ph. the cutic- 
ular lining of the pharynx. 
endocranium. Figure 1 shows the upper end of the right endocra- 
nial process, its posterior branch passing out of sight behind the 
dorsal suspensory series; on the left side of the head the antennal 
muscles can be seen attached to the upper end of the left endo- 
cranial process. 
Behind these suspensory muscles the pharynx passes into the 
oesophagus, which can be distinguished by want of muscular 
investment- The pharynx, as described, is by no means peculiar 
