3^5 
only are affected. It is quite true that though many leaf fungi have 
been found on Hevea'none of these at present cause serious injury. 
The Pestalozzia recorded in the June number of the Tropical Agri- 
culturist occurred in a nursery bounded on one side by tea, and the 
only plants attached were on that §ide. They were then about a 
foot high. Practically all the diseased leaves were gathered, and, 
when I visited the nursery later to obtain fresh specimens, I found 
that the plants, then three feet high, were quite free from any 
disease. There is no doubt that the young plants had been infested 
by spores blown from the adjacent tea bushes. 
H elminthosporium attacks rather older plants, but is again 
apparently confined to nurseries: it has been sent in from several 
localities. 
So far the trees are free from leaf disease, but it is not true that 
the periodical leaf fall confers any immunity. Deciduous trees can 
and do suffer serious injury; in fact the injury inflicted on them is 
greater than on other species, since they are generally deprived of 
their foliage at a time when all their reserve food has been con- 
sumed in the formation of new leaves which have not yet elaborated 
a further supply. 
Mr. Hoffman’s comparison with an English apple orchard is 
rather unfortunate, as the majority are hotbeds of disease, and in 
the remainder a paying crop can only be realised by constantly 
spraying against the attacks of fungi and insects. 
Many specimens are sent for examination which, though in a 
sense pathological, are not mycological. Two recent cases are of 
considerable interest, showing that the power of forming new bark 
which Hevea possesses to such an extraordinary degree sometimes 
produces. 
Results which are not altogether desirable. 
The first series of specimens consisted of several “knots” of 
wood measuring from one centimetre diameter to 9x7x5 cm§. 
These were cut from the trunks of trees, 10 or 12 years old, aver- 
aging 4 to 5 feet in girth at three feet from the ground. In some 
cases the growths cover the first five feet of the trunk. The trees 
appear to be knobby and buttressed on the stem where affected by 
this growth, and, on an incision being made, the bark is found to 
be very thick and of a claret colour, and does not yield latex. 
Covered by the thick growth of bark are the hard growths of wood 
previously mentioned ; these are not attached to the main stem but 
“shell out” quite easily when the outer bark has been cut away. 
Between the knots and the main stem is a second layer of bark and 
often a layer of rotten latex. The trees have been tapped on the V 
system at some unknown date, and the knots occur on the old 
tapped surface. 
The structure of these “knots” is identical with that of the 
“ Masers knollen ” of beech and other trees. They are formed in 
