( 77 ) 
% 
previously in Rome, still occasionally gets fever (Mr. Warren, assistant 
in the London Tropical School who had an attack while I was study- 
ing there). 
Of oils and paints to keep off the mosquito there are many, 
amongst others I can state from personal experiment that citronelle 
oil kills two species of Anopheles at least, within 30 minutes, and 
if renewed about ever}' three hours upon exposed surfaces, it effectually 
keeps them away. Antikito cream is, well advertised, but I have no 
personal knowledge of its efficacy ; it can be obtained from the Antikito 
Syndicate, 6 Great Portland Street, London. 
Anti-mosquito measures generally speaking consist in: 1. Closing 
all ponds ; 2. Draining all swamps ; 3. Covering all necessary water ; 
4. Kerosimng all large stagnant areas of water ; 5. Clearing the banks 
of all slow-flowing streams and drains, and tft the above I would add 
from my own experience the felling of secondary jungle, and the 
cutting of lallang in the vicinity of hoqses. 
In connection with malaria it must not be supposed that a rigor 
(shivering fit) a hot stage, and a heavy sweat, comprise the whole of 
the disease, as it has been definitely proved that malarial dysentery, 
and diarrhoea occurs frequently in the tropics, and that the whole 
question as to wffiat symptoms malaria shows is dependent upon the 
particular organ, or part of the body in which sporulation of the para- 
site occurs, should sporulation take place in the brain, convulsions and 
coma will be present, in the lungs a form of pneumonia, in the intes- 
tines a form of dysentery, etc. Malaria ?s not the simple kindly 
disposed disease which planters frequently imagine. 
Dysentery. 
I do not intend to deal exhaustively with this question, but I wish 
to impress the fact that I believe the vast majority of dysentery cases, 
as seen amongst coolies, have their o'rigin either in malaria, or are of 
a bacillary nature and highly infectious, the impossibility of separating 
the two forms, from a layman’s point of view, render a ‘general rule 
necessary, that rule is: Segregate all dysentery cases. 
Bilharziosis , when it affects the rectum produces symptoms 
similar to dysentery, it is known, but uncommon here. 
If the health of an estate is a matter of any importance, each 
dysentery case should be looked upon as if it were cholera, and 
isolated immediately on its appearance. 
As a routine treatment a dose of castor-oil, with say 20 drops of 
chlorodyne, is the safest medicine to start on, and on arrival in hospi- 
tal I am a believer in enemata of various drugs according to the 
predominating symptoms. 
