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The best conifers for cultivation here are the Araucarias , Dam - 
mar a robusta, Dacrydium elatum, Cephalotaxus and the Podocarpi, 
most of which grow well and look handsome in any soil here. 
Species Cultivated. 
Gingko biloba , L. Salisburia adiantifolia. — This curious tree has 
been ‘received here from Japan several times, but does not stand 
our climate well. It is only suitable for pot cultivation here. 
C ephalotaxus-peduncidata , Sieb. — A good sized shrub, of which 
there is a fine example in Penang Gardens. It can be propagated 
by marcottage and doesi weU. 
Taxus cuspidata , Sieb. — ’The Japanese yew with its dark green 
leaves and bright green shoots looks very well in a pot. It has 
not been tried or planted out yet. 
Juniperus rigida , Sieb. — This is the only Juniper which has 
done well. A fair sized plant was for long time planted out in the 
gardens and grew to a fairly large size but died rather suddenly. . 
J. chinensis var. aurea. — A pretty pot plant. 
Dacrydium elatum , Br. — This fine tree is abundant in the hills 
of the peninsula from about 2,000 feet altitude to 4,000 or 
more. It is raised from seed and is of fairly rapid growth. Young 
plants have a fine light green foliage and have the general habit 
of a young spruce-fir, forming a complete cone. Adults have a 
very different appearance, the branches being rather strict, the 
leaves smaller and more scale like. In the low country it grows 
well and attains a considerable size, suggesting a Cupressus in 
habit, growing in a wild state in forest it attains a very considerable 
size, but being often crowded by the trees surrounding it hardly 
looks as effective as it does when grown on a lawn. The fruit is 
very small and red. It is occasionally produced in the Singapore 
Gardens and seedlings can be readily obtained in Penang Hill at 
about 2,000 feet elevation. 
Podocarpus cupressinus , Br. — Is certainly the finest of the wild 
conifers in the peninsula. It is abundant in the hills at 2,000 feet 
and upwards usually growing with Dacrydium elatum. In the 
woods, however, it is often crotvded out and has a rather shabby 
appearance. When, however, it gets a chance of developing itself 
strongly, it becomes a very fine tree as can be seen by the photo- 
graph given with this number of a tree about thirty years old grown 
in rather lowlying ground near the Lake in the Gardens. This tree 
is interesting from its possessing two forms of leaves, one scale like 
the other acicular on the same branchlets. The male flowers are 
very minute cones, and the female flowers are also extremely small. 
The little scarlet fruit is not much bigger than a pin’s head. The 
tree often fruits in the Gardens and seedlings frequently appear 
around the tree and in other parts of the Gardens where birds have 
borne the seeds. 
As a pot or tub plant it is apt to be rather straggly and weak, 
but is by no means to be despised. As a lawn plant in good soil it 
