332 
Sumatra and Java are less well represented as are others of 
the Dutch Islands. Of Christmas Island as represented by two 
collections made by myself on two occasions is tolerably complete. 
Cellular cryptogams are less easy to preserve though mosses 
keep well, in this climate. Fungi seem almost impossible to keep 
owing to the dampness of the climate. Marine algae are scanty 
in these seas, but such as have been procurable are preserved 
with a number of exotic species obtained in exchange. 
Malay Peninsula: — 
Singapore — Wallich (a few), Hullett, Ridley, Cantley. 
Johore — Luke and Kelsall, Ridley. 
Pahang — Ridley. 
Malacca — Derry, Ridley, Cantley. 
Negri Sembilan — Cantley. 
Selangor — Ridley, Curtis, Burn-Murdoch. 
Perak — Scortechini, Kunstler, Wray, Ridley, Curtis. 
Penang — Curtis. 
Kedah — Ridley, Curtis. 
Tringganu — Roctado. 
Kelantan — Ridley, Dr. Gimlette. 
Siam — Dr. Keith, Curtis. 
India — Wallich, Rosburgh, Hooker, Clarke, Griffith, Mann. 
Ceylon- — ■Thwaites. 
China — Hauce. 
Japan — Yusun Kudo. 
Australia — Von Mueller. 
BORNEO — Haviland, Hewitt, Bartlett, Bishop Hose, Ridley. 
Sumatra — Ridley, Curtis. 
Java — Buitenzorg Gardens, Hullett. 
Christmas Island — R idley. 
Philippines — Merrill, Copeland, Cuming. 
North America — 
Europe — Various collectors. 
The difficulty of making and keeping a Herbarium in so wet a 
climate is not so difficult as might be imagined. There is certainly 
a considerable difficulty in drying plants in the forests in the wet 
season, especially as so many species are very fleshy, but with 
the aid of fire it is possible to make very fair specimens. It is 
essential to poison every specimen with corrosive sublimate in 
spirits of wine as otherwise they get quickly, destroyed by the 
caterpillar of a minute moth, but once so treated they preserve 
perfectly. 
It is perhaps unnecessary to dilate on the importance and value 
of a herbarium. It is quite impossible to do any botanical work 
of any kind without one, and especially that of economic botany, 
or forestry. In neither of these can any real progress be made 
