[32] 
24 
Three passages run through the Little Backbone, from three 
branches of North Glade Run, a tributary stream of Deep Creek, to 
the valley of Crabtree Creek. 
The fu'st opens on the western branch of the middle fork, and would 
require a tunnel through the Hooppole Ridge. Supposing its bed on a 
level witi) the base mark, and an open cut to the depth of thirty-five 
feet, through the height, the tunnel would extend three miles 1251 
yards in length, and the greatest height of the ridge above its bed 
would be 144 feet. 
From the second branch of North Glade Run, a passage might be 
opened to the eastern branch of tiie middle fork, by a tunnel of the 
same nature, and on the same level as the former; it would extend 
three miles eighty-tfiree yards in length, and the greatest height of 
the ridge aboA^e its bed would be 1 84 feet. But from its eastern ex- 
tremity there would be a descent of 280 feet, on a distance of one mile 
566 yards. 
Fi'om the third branch, a passage might be opened to Rock Camp 
Run, by a tunnel four miles in length. The greatest height of the 
ridge above its bed, woukl be 222 feet; but from its eastern extremity 
to Crabtree Creek, the descent would be 728 feet, on a distance of two 
miles 166| yards, and through a very narrow, rugged, and precipi- 
tieus ravine. 
The north fork of Deep Creek rises near the summit of the Little 
Backbone, at Whetsall's Springs, 105 feet above the base mark. The 
spring of Savage Lick Run, a tributary stream of Crabtree Creek, 
rises opposite to it. A tunnel which would join them, with its bed on 
a level with the base mark, and an open cut thi'ough the height at each 
of its extremities to the deptii of thirty-five feet, would extend two 
miles 1,083 yards in length. From its eastern extremity to Crabtree 
Creek, the descent would be 452 feet on a distance of two miles 100 
yards, and t!:o greatest height of ttie ridge above its bed would be 
148 feet. 
Three more passages have been surveyed between the tributaries 
of tiie noitli fork, and those of Crabtree Creek. 
The first unites Ilinclrs arm to Glade Road Run, by a tunnel one 
mile 1,166 yards in length, on a level with the base mark. The dis- 
tance from its eastern exti-emity to Crabtree Creek is 1,500 yards, 
and the greatest height of the ridge above its bed 205 feet. 
The two others unite Dry arm and Dewickman's arm, with small 
ravines of Crabby's arm, a tributary stream of Crabtree Creek, which 
rise opposite to them. The tunnel which would be required at Dry 
arm, would extend one mile 9l6 yards in length, and the greatest 
height of the ridge above its bed would be 271 feet. The tunnel of 
Dewickman's arm would extend one mile 683| yards in length, and 
the greatest height of the ridge above its bed would be 227 feet. 
These two tunnels on a le> el with the base mark, arc the shortest of 
those that we have enumerated on any of tlie designated routes of the 
i^^anal. 
