20 
TANNING MATERIALS. 
Of all tlie tanning materials produced in the Malay Peninsula, 
gambler holds the first place, but comparatively little is used in 
the Singapore tanneries, though it is very largely exported, and 
is one of the most important of the Straits Settlements exports. 
A number of barks of various trees, chiefly littoral, are used in the 
tanneries, some of which will probably produce valuable extracts 
worthy of export hence, 
GAMBIER. 
Uncaria gambir , Roxb. ( Rubiacece .) 
An extract made by boiling the leaves of the gambier plant, 
an indigenous climber. The cultivation is mainly in the hands 
of the Chinese, who use the simplest form of apparatus. The 
product, in the form of an earthy-brown substance, consists of 
catechin and catechu tannic acid. Large quantities are exported 
from Singapore, being derived from the Peninsula, chiefly from 
Singapore, .Johor and Malacca, and from the adjacent Dutch 
islands — Rhio, Banka, &c. 
The drug is made up in several forms, of which Block Gambier 
and Cube Gambier are the usual exported forms. This product 
is used in tanning and dyeing, and very largely in the silk trade 
for strengthening the silk. 
Several other forms are made, chiefly by the Malays, for chew- 
ing with sirih leaves in the place of betel -nut. 
Spec. 114 Block Gambier, exported by Guthrie & Co,, Singa- 
pore. 
114a Block Gambier, exported by McKerrow & Co., Sin- 
gapore. 
112 Cube Gambier, Gambir Dudur (Mai.), from Negri 
Sembilan. 
112a 
y 9 
from Guthrie & Co. 
1125 
yy 
„ Malacca. 
112c 
,, No, 1 (best form,) ,, McKerrow & Co. 
112 d 
„ No. 2 
„ „ McKerrow & Co. 
113 Finger 
Gambier, 
Gambir Paku (Mai.), from Negri 
Sembilan. 
113a Finger Gambier, Gambir Paku (Mai.), from Negri 
Sembilan, used for dyeing and tanning by Na- 
tives. 
113 Gambir Papan, used for chewing, from Negri Sem- 
bilan. 
111a Gambir Papan, from Malacca. 
113 6 Gambir Papan „ ,, 
115 Round Gambier, Gambir Bulat, chewing gambier, 
from Malacca, 
