8 
artifacts in bone, awls were the most numerous, one being made from a 
human ulna. There were found, also, a few bone netting needles, scrapers 
chipped from chert, and a fragment of a fleshing tool made from the tibia 
of an elk. 
Pipes of earthenware and stone were very numerous, three of the 
latter being unfinished. One stone pipe is vasiform, two somewhat 
conoidal, and two others again like a truncated pyramid. On one specimen 
is the head of an animal, of the same type as some of those illustrated by 
Laidlaw in his articles on “Effigy Pipes" in the Ontario Archaeological 
Reports; another bears a crudely incised drawing of a man; and a third, 
broken, a superbly carved rendering of a human face. The earthenware 
pipes, which are all fragmentary, belong to several different types; some 
have the form of an inverted cone, others are trumpet shaped, but the 
majority have a projecting cylindrical top decorated with oblong vertical 
depressions at intervals around the bowl. A pipe of black ware common 
in the more recent sites has the head of a dog or wolf projecting from the 
front of the bowl, three others have human faces modelled on the side, 
and one two faces. Of the trumpet pipes one has a group of short impressed 
bars on the front of the bowl, resembling those on pipes of the same type 
found at the Roebuck village site in Grenville county. 
Articles of adornment in the ruins consisted of discoidal beads of stone 
and freshwater clams, cylindrical beads from the columella of ocean shells, 
a bead made from a small whole ocean shell ( Marginella apicina ), and a 
few made from hollow bones and freshwater snails. No graves were 
found, but a few human bones were uncovered. 
The culture of this village possesses many features in common with 
that of sites in Victoria county, and more remotely with that of the Roebuck 
village site and Hochelaga. The character of the artifacts suggests that 
the Tionontati and Hurons should be included in what Skinner calls the 
eastern or Mohawk-Onondaga group rather than in the western group, 
although they were near neighbours of the Neutrals. 
After completing the excavations at this site Mr. Wintemberg tested 
two supposed ossuaries on the Edmunds farm, lot 21, con. VI, Nottawasaga 
tp., but found them to be natural hollows. He was unable to excavate a 
site on the McMurchy farm, lot 12, con. I, Collingwood tp., Grey co., on 
account of a crop being on the ground. A cemetery in Norfolk county, 
about 9 miles west of St. Williams, where the perforated human skull now 
in the Museum was found, was also not excavated, because pottery secured 
at the site showed that it belonged to the same culture as the Uren village 
site, in Oxford county, which was probably occupied by early Neutrals. 
Mr. Wintemberg examined a site at lake Medad, but discovered no 
indications that the people who inhabited it were Iroquois from New York 
state, rather than Neutrals as is commonly believed. The site has been 
dug over too much by local collectors to be worth the expense of excavation. 
Office Work 
Mr. Jenness attended the annual meeting of the American Anthro- 
pological Association at Philadelphia between Christmas and the New Year, 
mainly for the purpose of conferring with officials of the United States 
National Museum and of the National Research Council concerning the 
possibility of international co-operation in the study of Arctic problems. 
