55 
and the results of scientific investigation in geology, mineralogy, palaeon- 
tology, biology, and ethnology. Since 1912, when the Museum Bulletin 
series of publications was commenced, fifty-eight of the present total of 
seventy-six articles in the series have been contributed by Survey officers. 
Encouragement and support of the functions of the National Museum 
discussed in preceding pages should be the prime object in administering it 
and determining its future place in the Government service; but future 
policy is also necessarily dependent within reasonable limits upon cost of 
maintenance and expansion. Until 1910 the Museum cost the people of 
Canada almost nothing. Natural history material was collected by the 
Geological Survey incidentally to the regular field work of that institution, 
this material was stored and arranged for the benefit of the public in the 
Survey quarters, and a great mass of information upon natural history 
was included in the published reports of the Survey. Even the botanical 
and zoological work of Macoun was incidental to his exploratory investiga- 
tions of the agricultural possibilities of unsettled parts of Canada. The 
first considerable expenditure on behalf of the Museum was the construc- 
tion, at a cost of between $1,000,000 and $2,000,000, of the Victoria 
Memorial Museum, to house the accumulated material. This expenditure 
was, in a sense, a measure of the value of what had already been accom- 
plished towards making a national museum. 
From 1910 until the present the Geological Survey had continued to 
maintain in the same incidental and economical manner the sections of 
geology, geography, mineralogy, and palaeontology in the Museum. It 
has performed the administrative work of the Museum in the same manner 
except between 1921 and 1926, when the Museum possessed its own 
Director and staff. The sections of anthropology and biology alone are 
maintained solely for museum purposes. The yearly expenditure for 
these two divisions by the department is about $65,000. If the Museum 
were to be dissociated from the Survey and made an independent institution 
an administrative staff and divisions of geology, mineralogy, and palaeon- 
tology would have to be created. The library and some other auxiliary 
requirements which are now shared between Survey and Museum would 
have to be divided. The initial additional cost for salaries alone would 
be at least $50,000 to $60,000, and this amount would probably increase 
50 per cent in the course of ten years through promotional advancement 
and increase of positions. To this would be added an indeterminate but 
considerable increase in annual outlay for running expenses, building 
accommodation, and field work. An independent Museum equipped in 
all its present departments of natural science would probably cost between 
$100,000 and $150,000 a year more than it does at present. 
Of the two plans of organization to which attention has been chiefly 
given up to this point that of an independent Museum appears to have 
several serious drawbacks. Even the operative plan of control by the 
Geological Survey has one important disadvantage: there is little com- 
munity of scientific interest between the Survey and the non-geological 
divisions of the Museum. Not of much consequence in the early days of 
the Survey, when its field officers were able to interest themselves effectively 
in the whole range of natural history, this feature has become accentuated 
with increasing specialization and now constitutes the most serious impedi- 
ment to joint operation of the Museum with the Survey. 
