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generally from an ascending base, slender, 1-6 dm. high. Leaves 1*5-5 
mm. wide; ligule of the lower and middle leaves 0*5-1 *3 mm. long, truncate 
at apex. Panicle ovoid to elliptic, not contracted after flowering, commonly 
brown-purplish; spikelets 1*8-3 mm. long. Lemma 1*5-2 *5 mm. long, 
generally without awn. Palea about half as long as the lemma. Dry, 
sandy, or gravelly places. Very common in Prince Edward Island, Nova 
Scotia, and New Brunswick. Scattered localities in Quebec and Ontario. 
Not recorded from the Prairie Provinces. Common in the vicinity of 
Vancouver, B.C., and in southeastern Vancouver island, B.C. (Nat. from 
Eur.). 
Var. aristata (Hartm.) Holrnb. 
A. vulgaris With. var. aristata Hartm., Handb. Skand. FI., Ed. 2, 19, 
1832. 
A. tenuis Sibth., var. aristata (Hartm.) Holmb., in Hartmans Handb. 
Skand. FI. 143, 1922. 
Lemma of all or some of the spikelets, particularly those at the ends 
of the branches, with a geniculate or straight awn, generally attached 
below the middle. Found to the extent of about 10 per cent in practically 
all samples of commercial Browntop seed harvested in Prince Edward 
Island, according to Dr. F. T. Wahlen, Seed Branch, Dominion Depart- 
ment of Agriculture. 
Nova Scotia: Purcell cove, Halifax harbour, Sept. 2-6, 1901 (C. D. 
Have and W. F. Lang). New Brunswick: Shediac cape, July 13, 1914 
(F. Tracy Hubbard); Eel river north of Bathurst, July 9, 1926, and 
Youghall, near Bathurst, July 10, 1926 (Malte). Quebec: Petit Saguenay, 
St. Raymond, Portneuf county, June 30, 1919, and on the old camp, 
Valcartier, August 19, 1925 (Bro. Marie-Victorin). British Columbia: 
Cedar hill near Victoria, Vancouver island, June 16, 1887, and May 31, 
1893 (John Macoun). 
Var. setulosa (Murb.) Holmb. 
A. vulgaris With. var. setulosa Murb. Bot. Not. 1898, p. 7. 
A. tenuis var. setulosa (Murb.) Holmb. in Hartmans Handb. Skand. 
FI., 143, 1922. 
The whole outer surface of the lemma with scattered, more or less 
appressed, microscopical hairs. 
This rather unique variety is found in small quantities in practically 
all commercial samples of Browntop seed from Prince Edward Island. 
As observed so far, the Prince Edward Island seeds with setulose lemma 
have always the latter also awned (F. T. Wahlen). 
A teratological, viviparous-like form is found in many places in the 
Maritime Provinces. This form, according to Aseherson and Graebner 
(1, p. 183), has been described by Pollich (29, p. 69) as A. sylvatiea. 
3. A. canina L. Velvet bent. 
A. canina L., Sp. PI. 62, 1753. 
Perennial. Loosely or rather densely tufted, forming compact mats, 
with erect, narrow-leaved shoots, and in many cases, also, with creeping 
surface stolons. Culms erect or ascending, very slender, 1-6 dm. high. 
Leaves of the culm 1-2 mm. wide, pale to bluish green, those of the basal 
shoots capillary; the ligule 2-5 mm. long or more, tapering at the apex. 
Panicle generally ovoid during flowering, later becoming contracted and 
