THE H0E8E. 
19 
literally, getting to the head of the quarter stretch, as he came out at 
the winning stand 1 The importers of Alexander, at any rate, were so 
delighted at his performance, that they presented Wheelan with a mag- 
nificent timing-watch, and other valuable presents, and sent Messrs. C. 
and B. a superb service of plate, which may, at any time, be seen at 
their establishment, in Maiden Lane.” 
This difference between English and American trotters is clearly at- 
tributable to superior training and jockeying. We have in this country 
hundreds of Rareys, who can teach not only the nobles of the realm but 
the common jockeys also, the mysterious arts of horse-training and 
managing, although they may not now be able to command for their 
services quite the compensation which that gentleman received. 
BREEDING. — Breeders of all kinds of animals are unanimous in their 
opinions that it is necessary to have distinct varieties, usually distin- 
guished as thorough-bred, for the propagation of the species, whether it 
be determined to carry on the unblemished pedigree, or to cross with 
other breeds. The high value set upon the short-horned cattle, is esti- 
mated principally by the purity of the blood ; and the true Southdown or 
Leicester sheep by a similar criterion. 
It is a general observation with those who have devoted attention to 
the subject, that horses and mares require much time after they have 
been trained, before they distinguish themselves as the progenitors of 
first-rate stock. This affords another argument in favor of early train- 
ing. Both with mares and stallions their best foals have often not come 
forth till they were advanced in years. According to the presumed age 
of the Godolphin Arabian, he was thirteen years old when he became 
the sire of Regains. Paynator and Whalebone were each of them 
twenty years old when their sons, Dr. Syntax and Sir Hercules, were 
foaled. Potoooooooo, Sultan, Langar, and V enison, were each of them 
sixteen years old when they became the sires respectively of Waxy, Bay 
Middleton, Epirus and Kingston. Melbourne was fifteen when he begot 
West Australian ; Hap-hazard fourteen when he was the sire of Filho da 
Puta. Orville was the same age when he was the sire of Ebor, and 
twenty when he begot the still more celebrated Emilius; and an infinity 
of similar examples may be added. This property applies more gener- 
ally to stallions than to mares : for it is sometimes apparent, thflfeheir 
first foals are vastly superior to their subsequent produce. This was the 
case in olden times with the dams of Mark Antony, Conductor, Pyrrhus, 
and Pantaloon ; and more recently with Sultan, Touchstone, Sir Her- 
cules, and Filho da Puta. Whether the subsequent change of partners 
has any prejudicial effect on the future progeny, is a subject worthy the 
most scrupulous attention of breeders. The case of Penelope is in favor 
of the assumption ; for the superiority of her first seven foals by Waxy, 
over the others by different horses, is a fact which cannot be disputed. 
It is curious to remark, that when a thorough-bred mare has once had 
foals to common horses, no subsequent foals which she may have had 
by thorough-bred horses have ever evinced any pretensions to racing 
qualities. There maybe an exception; but I believe I am correct in 
stating that there is not. It is laid down as a principle, “ That when a 
pure animal, of any breed, has once been pregnant to one of a different 
