THE HOUSE. 
59 
to the strap near the buckle affords a similar defense, to the coronet in 
front. The heel-strap runs through the upper rings, crosses the heel 
and encircles the coronet ; and its office is to keep the heels of the 
shoe closely applied to the hoof, and to prevent them from sliding for- 
ward. 6 
In the application of the sandal, the foot is taken up with one hand 
and the shoe slipped upon it with the other. With the same hand’ 
the shoo is retained in its place, while the foot is gradually let down to 
rest on the ground. As soon as this is done, the straps arc drawn as 
tight as possible, and buckled. 
The preceding engraving represents an accurate delineation of the 
sandal, when properly fastened to the foot. 
TO MANAGE A FALLEN HORSE. — Ilorses occasionally fall from bad rid- 
ing, or bad shoeing, or overreaching, or an awkward way of setting on 
the saddle. The head, the neck, the knees, the back, or the legs will 
oftenest surfer. It is often difficult to get the animal on his leo-s ao-ain 
especially if he is old and exhausted, or injured by the fall. The prin- 
cipal object is, to support the head, and to render it a fixed point from 
which the muscles may act in supporting the body. 
It the horse is in harness, it is seldom that he can rise until he is 
freed from the shafts and traces. The first thing is to secure the head, 
and to keep it down, that he may not beat himself against the ground. 
•Next, the parts of the harness connected with the 'carriage must be 
unbuckled— the carriage must then be backed a little way, so that he 
may have room to rise. If necessary, the traces must be taken off: 
and after the horse gets up, he must be steadied a little, until he collects 
himself. 
THE VICES AND DISAGREEABLE OR DANGEROUS HABITS OF THE HORSE 
—Ike horse has many excellent qualities, but he has likewise defects, 
and these occasionally amounting to vices. Some of them may be at- 
tributed to natural temper, for the human being scarcely discovers more 
peculiarities of habit and disposition than does the horse. The major- 
ity of them, however, as perhaps in the human being, are the conse- 
quences of a faulty education. Their early instructor has been ignorant 
and brutal, and they have become obstinate and vicious. 
Restiveness. — At the head of all the vices of the horse is restiveness 
the most annoying and the most dangerous of all. It is the produce 
of bad temper and worse education ; and, like all other habits founded 
on nature and stamped by education, it is inveterate. Whether it ap- 
fvtwr.V 1 ! 0 f T n ot , k,ckln S- °, r rearing, plunging, or bolting, or in any 
cu/e threatens dan S cr t0 the n der or the horse, it rarely admits of 
A determined rider may to a certain extent subjugate the animal: 
or the horse may have his favorites, or form his attachments, and with 
some particular person he may be comparatively or perfectly nianao-ea- 
hle , but others cannot long depend upon him, and even his master is 
t] . a ays ®“ re ot I* ls a rule, that admits of very few exceptions, 
that he neither displays his wisdom nor consults his safety, who at- 
tempts to conquer a restive horse. J 
Balking.— Some horses have the habit of balking at first starting, but 
