40 
Nova Scotia in the Peabody Museum of Harvard University. Some of 
them resemble some of those found on Merigomish harbour. The Micmac 
Indians probably ceased to make pottery when it became possible to secure 
kettles from the French. 1 
Manufacture of Pottery. The method of manufacture of pottery is 
partly illustrated by the specimens found. The clay was, probably, 
obtained in the neighbourhood. The peculiar feature of the body of the 
pottery is the large amount of antiplastic material or grog with which the 
clay was loaded. A modern potter would find it extremely difficult to 
mould a material containing so little clay substance and so much coarse 
grog. The grog consisted of coarse sand, crushed rotten rock, or crushed 
shells. Its object was to prevent shrinkage and cracking in drying and 
burning. The sand and fragments of stone were used freely; a mixture 
of about equal parts of clay and crushed stone or coarse sand often composes 
the body, as may be seen in the fragment (Plate VIII, figure 5), from which 
the outer surface is broken. The clay in about two hundred fragments, 
or 20 per cent of the whole, was tempered with stone, and in only three 
fragments with a mixture of stone and shell. Fragments of shell were also 
used in the ware of about nine hundred fragments, or about 80 per cent 
(Plate VIII, figures 6, 7, 9, 11). The lower part of the outer surface of the 
fragments shown in figures 6 and 7 has been broken off, so that the shell- 
tempering material of the interior shows clearly. There seems to be no 
tempering material in about ten fragments, or about 1 per cent. The 
fragments of shell have dissolved and left only the mould in the surface of 
the ware in five lots of fragments found in heap D and in two lots found 
in heap A, making a total of seven lots or nearly two hundred fragments 
(Plate XI, figure 7). 
The pots in some cases may have been modelled to form from a mass 
of clay without the use of the coiling or banding method. However, 
about three hundred out of one thousand three hundred and thirty-one 
fragments show a welding line; and these fragments represent about seventy 
of the one hundred and ten pots indicated by the finds. Thus nearly 
70 per cent of the pots were certainly formed by coiling or by building 
band on band. The fragments break most easily along the lines where 
the coil or band was welded (Plate IX, figure 4). These breaks, deter- 
mined by their parallelism with the rim, or the encircling decoration, or 
with the hollow of the neck, are horizontal or nearly so, the pottery breaking 
somewhat smoothly along horizontal lines, and jaggedly in all other direc- 
tions, as shown on Plate VIII, figure 10, where the top and bottom are 
straight and the ends irregular. A line of welding crosses the fragment 
illustrated on Plate VIII, figure 5, and a break along a welded surface 
extends from the lump in the middle of the upper edge to the left corner. 
Another welded line crosses the fragment near the bottom. This feature 
comes out clearly in the three fragments of a single pot (figure 11). The 
fragment illustrated on Plate XI, figure 13, shows, on the inside surface, 
a part of the coil. Had the clay been put on in patches, we should expect 
to find some pieces broken smoothly along vertical lines of welding. If 
the patches were twice as long as wide, at least half of the 
lines of welding found should be vertical. If in long bands or coils, the 
1 Cf. Gilpin, p. 222. 
