41 
frequency of vertical or splice weldings would be less in proportion to the 
length of the pieces spliced. There must have been some such weldings, 
but none has been noted, and, consequently, it is difficult to determine if 
the walls of the vessels were built up by spiral coils or if patches were used. 
It is possible, but not probable, that bands rather than coils were used. 
In most determinable cases the clay of the upper added band or coil was 
plastered down over the rounded upper edge of the lower or previously 
laid part of the pot, and usually extends farther down on the outside than 
on the inside of the pot; but on the fragment illustrated (Plate VIII, figure 
5) the welded surface slopes farther down on the inside. The breaks 
along or parallel with the upper edge of a fragment are, consequently, 
mostly convex, whereas those along or parallel with the lower edge are 
concave (figures 10 and 11). The width of the coils or bands varied 
(Plate VIII, figures 5, 10, 11). To form the rim, the upper edge of the 
vessel was sometimes folded over, as shown in the cross-section of the frag- 
ment of several pot rims (Plate XI, figure 2). 
After the pot was shaped, it was coated both inside and outside with 
a thin layer of clay containing very little sand. This coating is what 
potters call slip, but was probably smeared on by hand, the ware not 
being dipped in a clay solution after the manner of applying a true slip. 
The coating served a twofold purpose; it gave a smooth surface for the 
application of decoration, and it produced a fairly impervious skin over the 
very porous body when the ware was burned, but none of the pottery was 
glazed. The pot was probably allowed to dry and stiffen before the finishing 
layer of fine clay was applied, so as to allow for the difference in shrinkage 
between the body and the finishing coat. 
Scarification made before the ware was fired shows clearly on the 
inside surface of some of the fragments. Of the six hundred and three 
fragments of pottery found in heap D, scarification shows on the inner 
surface of nearly all of a lot of one hundred and twenty-five — apparently 
all from one pot — one of which is illustrated on Plate VIII, figure 12. 
It also shows on one fragment in a lot of two hundred and seventy-one — 
apparently all from one pot — and on fifty-six out of about two hundred 
fragments of various pots. Two pieces of another pot show T no scarification. 
Fragments that are scarified on the inside are illustrated on Plate VIII, 
figure 9, Plate X, figure 9, and Plate XI, figures 1, 2, 3, 7-9, 11, 12. It is 
impossible to say whether a few pots were scarified on the inside or whether 
all were so treated. Some of the scarification on the inside of the fragment 
illustrated on Plate XI, figure 3, runs around inside the rim in a band about 
an inch wide, and from this band others, slightly curved, extend down 
nearly at right angles. Scarification made before the ware was fired appears 
on the outer surface of fourteen out of nineteen fragments of a lot, apparent- 
ly of one pot, found in heap A. One of these is illustrated on Plate VIII, 
figure 13. Altogether about 20 per cent of the fragments from heap 
A are scarified on the inside surface and about 3 per cent on both the 
inside and outside surface. This scarification was probably caused by 
the use of a rough pottery polisher rather than for decorative purposes, 
as it does not form patterns, and is found more on the inside, where it 
would be more difficult to remove than on the outside and not so readily 
seen. Some of the scarifying above mentioned resembles slight incising 
made in soft, unfired clay. 
