57 
the specimen about 7 inches long, but shows about 1 inch of the part where 
it was cut off at a bevel tangent to the concave side of the wedge, which 
must have been about 8| inches long. 
The two medium-sized wedges are of antler, only a little smaller in 
diameter, and apparently of the deer. They are much battered, and 
the tissue is crushed in on one end as if that end had been the head of 
the wedge; the part of the opposite end that would indicate whether they 
were wedge-shaped or not is missing. A fragment of a wedge, probably 
small, made of antler, is narrowed from both edges and thinned from both 
sides to a narrow wedge-shape, but the other end is lacking. 
A small prong of antler (figure 3) was whittled or scraped on both 
sides to a wedge-shaped point, the tip of which is broken off and missing. 
It was battered on the other end until the cells of antler were much crushed. 
The one shown in figure 5 is made of antler, apparently of deer, and was 
probably small. It lacks the upper end and is bevelled off from both 
sides. 
The wedge made of bone (figure 4) was cut longitudinally from a 
large, thick bone by grooving and breaking. It is rounded off from both 
sides to a wedge edge, but the extreme tip is broken off. The other end 
is chipped on both sides. The specimen somewhat resembles the base 
of a broken simple point made of bone, and may be such, but the sharpening 
of the edge and the chipping at the upper end make it seem more likely 
to be a wedge or chisel. 
The heads of some of the stone celts, as mentioned on page 48, 
are battered and fractured as if from use as wedges. 
Chisels of Bone. Only the one object made of bone, above described 
as a wedge (Plate XVI, figure 4), resembles a chisel. This may have 
been used in wood working. 
Pins of Antler. Only one pin-shaped object of antler, none of bone 
or shell, and no cylinders or tubes of any material were found on the 
harbour. The pin-shaped piece of antler found in heap A (Plate XVI, 
figure 6) was brought to a nearly cylindrical form, with one end nearly 
flat and the cells there compressed from being pounded. Slivers were 
broken off at the edge. The other end is slightly smaller and so bluntly 
pointed as to be nearly dome-shaped. It, too, shows longitudinal com- 
pression of the cells, as if from being held against something while the 
other end was pounded, possibly in chipping stone by percussion. Although 
only one of these was found on this harbour, in other places cylinders 
closely resembling it are common, for instance in Kentucky', Ohio 2 , and 
southern Ontario. 
Knives. Besides the chipped points, some of which are supposed 
to have been used as knives in the preparation of food, objects considered 
to be knives were made from incisor teeth of the beaver and woodchuck, 
and of copper. 
Knives Made from Beaver Teeth. Fifty-three objects considered to 
be carving knives, made from incisor teeth of the beaver, were found 
in the heaps on Merigomish harbour. There were also six similar speci- 
mens made of incisor teeth of the woodchuck. Twenty-four knives made 
1 Cf. Smith (a), p. 198. 
»Cf. Mills tb), p. 65. 
