74 
on Plate IV, also on the edges of the scrapers on Plate XVII, figures 1, 2. 
Some of the celts were partly shaped by chipping before being ground, 
others before being pecked and ground. Longitudinal chipping may be 
seen on the right edge of the piece of bone described on page 71 and illus- 
trated on Plate XVIII, figure 9. The canine of a bear (page 72 and 
figure 15) is somewhat chipped on one side. The chipping on a piece of 
walrus ivory (page 73 and figure 13) was probably done accidentally w T hen 
it was being battered. 
Chipped material in process of manufacture, in proportion to finished 
chipped objects, was not very common. The manufacture of chipped 
points by the process of chipping has been described on page 22 and is 
illustrated on Plate III, figures 1-15, Plates IV and XIV, and Plate XVI, 
figure 6. 
No workshop where stone was chipped into points for arrows, knives, 
and the like was found on Merigomish harbour, but the work done at each 
of the many sites maj r have been insufficient to leave traces other than 
such finds as the writer made — the very few hammerstones, scattered 
chips and flakes, the possible chipper made of antler, the scrapers chipped 
from stone, and the more numerous chipped points. Several small sites 
were found in 1913 on the wind-swept sand on the west side of the harbour 
mouth near Bathurst, New Brunswick, where white quartzite pebbles, 
hammer pebbles, and chips indicated the former presence of workshops. 
If such small shops existed on Merigomish harbour, they may well have 
been obscured by the vegetation. It has been stated by Piers (a, page 111) 
that at a workshop site at Backman beach near Lunenburg a large number 
of chips and uncompleted chipped forms have been found. 
Flaking. Flaking to finish some chipped objects is shown by the 
completely flaked points. The refuse flakes from this process are like 
very small chips and, consequently, not easily found. The finished 
product of flaking is shown by part of the work on the chipped points 
on Plate IV. 
Peckmg. Pecking is illustrated by many of the celts and hammers 
(Plate XII, figures 3, 4, 7, Plate XIII, figures 1-3, and Plate XIV, figures 
8, 9). These celts show peck marks caused by striking the stone with a 
pebble or a hammerstone, like those illustrated on Plate XIV. Some celts 
were partly chipped into form before being pecked. After being pecked 
into shape they were usually finished by grinding and polishing, which 
effaced part or all of the peck marks (Plates XII and XIII and page 48). 
Modelling. Modelling was used in making pots and forming their 
rims. The tools employed have not been certainly identified. They 
may have been made of wood, but it is possible that the fingers were 
chiefly used and that some of the bone objects, notably those considered 
as awls on page 64 (Plate XVII, figures 3-15), were also used for that 
purpose. No signs were seen of the probable use of the fingers in modelling, 
but impressions of finger nails were found on one fragment of pottery 
(Plate IX, figure 8). Patterson states (a, page 252) that impressions 
that may have been made by the finger nails can be seen on fragments 
of pottery in his collection. The finished products of modelling are illus- 
trated on Plate VIII, figures 1-3, and Plate IX, figures 1-3. 
