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Bone Needles. Fragmentary artifacts (Plate XXXI, figures 19, 20), 
each with the remains of a hole at one of the fractured ends, may have been 
netting needles like those found at Iroquoian sites in New York and Ontario. 
Cord Smoother. Three small notches seen in a thin piece of schistose 
slate (Plate XXXI, figure 10) may have been used for smoothing cords or 
sinew. 
PROCESSES OF MANUFACTURE 
Evidences were seen of the following processes of manufacture: break- 
ing, cutting, cutting and breaking, chipping, flaking, pecking, rubbing, 
drilling, perforating, punching, modelling, impressing, and twisting. 
Breaking. This is the primary process in the manufacture of most 
stone and bone implements, and is illustrated by the broken pebbles of 
quartz and other stones (Plate XXIV, figures 1-3, Plate XXVIII, figure 5, 
and Plate XXXII, figure 13), and splinters of bone (Plate XXXII, figures 
8, 9), which required only to be rubbed into shape to make awls or points 
for arrows. Plate XXXII, figures 10, 11, illustrates two incisor teeth 
of the beaver, broken in half lengthwise, probably for the manufacture 
of knives. 
Cutting. There is evidence of cutting on the large piece of worked 
antler illustrated on Plate XXX, figure 2, in the tip cut from some pointed 
bone implement seen on Plate XXXII, figure 5, and in the small cut 
piece of antler on Plate XXXII, figure 7. 
Cutting and Breaking. Although the breaking of animal bones to 
get the marrow sometimes resulted in short, narrow splinters suitable for 
making awls and other implements, bone is not easily spilt into long, 
narrow pieces. To secure such pieces it was necessary to cut and then 
break the bone (Plate XXXII, figures 1-4). Eight pieces showing this 
method of cutting were found. The cutting, judging from the wide groove 
seen in the piece of the metatarsus of a moose illustrated on Plate XXXII, 
figure 1, seems to have been done with a broad convex-edged plough grinder 
of gritty stone which was pushed back and forth until the cutting had be- 
come deep enough to permit the thin remaining septum to be broken with- 
out danger of breaking the bone crosswise. On one edge of the piece seen 
in figure 3 cutting was kept up until it went through the wall of bone. The 
piece of bone shown in figure 4 shows that sometimes more than one cut 
had to be made to secure pieces suitable for making the desired implement. 
The small piece of bone on Plate XXXII, figure 6, show’s transverse 
cutting and breaking at one end. The upper end of the piece of antler 
on Plate XXX, figure 2, and both ends of the small piece shown on Plate 
XXXII, figure 7, show that they had been separated from another piece 
by transverse cutting and breaking. 
Chipping. The series of points for arrows and knives on Plate XXIII, 
figures 1-12; the roughed-out forms on Plate XXIV, figures 6-12; the 
celts or adzes on Plate XXVIII, figures 1, 2, 4; the unfinished celts or 
adzes in figures 5 and 6 on the same plate and on Plate XXIX, figures 1-4; 
the chipped point for a drill shown on Plate XXX, figure 10; the blades 
