77 
lake. “Frequent at Tikerakdjuak even if falling far below U. lumme 
[stellata] in number.” He found a nest with two fresh eggs at Tikerakdjuak 
July 23, 1910. He writes: “In the southwestern part of Kennedy (Nettil- 
ling) lake at the Koukjuak, rarer than in the east; falling below U. arcticus 
in numbers.” Major L. T. Burwash collected two specimens at cape 
Dorset in the summer of 1924. Two were taken by the MacMillan expe- 
dition in the region of Bowdoin harbour, together with eggs. 
2. Gavia pacifica (Lawrence), pacific loon. 
Eskimo: Kudlxdik. 
On the 1923 Canadian Arctic Expedition loons were observed, with 
the binoculars, August 26, 27, and 28, on Salmon river, Ponds inlet. They 
were exceedingly shy and could not be approached. They were tenta- 
tively referred to this species, but possibly belong to G. stellata. 
A pair of loons, supposed to be this species, were observed on Nettilling 
lake, June 8, 1925. On June 27, a pair, male and female, were collected on 
a small lake southwest of the mouth of Takuirbing river. The female 
had a nearly completed egg in the oviduct. During July the species was 
many times observed on Nettilling lake, frequenting a narrow margin of 
water along the shore. A female was collected on July 14, together with a 
set of two eggs. The nest was of partly decomposed, sodden vegetation 
raised to form a shallow, slightly concave platform near the shore of a 
small lake. During the latter part of August many of the birds were 
observed along the southern coast of Nettilling lake and in still larger 
numbers along the west coast, which by reason of its low nature is, doubtless, 
particularly attractive and well adapted for nesting purposes. Two 
juveniles were collected at Anderson headland on September 5, and two 
adults were seen at Takuirbing river on September 10, these were the 
last observed during the 1925 season. 
On July 19, 1926, this species was found to be fairly common on 
Aitken lakes a few miles northwest of cape Dorset. On the same day an 
adult was observed accompanied by downy young only a few hours old. 
Kumlien (1879, p. 103) recorded this species from Cumberland sound, 
but stated that it was not common, though it breeds in Issortukdjuak 
fiord (Kingwah). Low (1906, p. 314) remarks that it is seen in the bays 
of Baffin island, and that it breeds abundantly on Southampton island. 
Two were collected by Burwash at cape Dorset, in the summer of 1924. 
This species is much more abundant than G. immer in Nettilling Lake 
region, though the latter is well represented. After some practice, the 
two loons can be differentiated by their voices. The calls of the Black- 
throat are much more varied and weird than those of the common loon 
and various notes are peculiar to it. The Eskimo distinguish them in this 
way, and easily separate them from G. stellata. 
Hantzsch (1914, pp. 139-140) found the species common and breeding 
on Nettilling lake, but in August more common at the west end of the 
lake where he considered it perhaps to be the commonest loon. It was 
also frequent on Koukjuak river at the beginning of September. He 
states : “Middle of September travelling in bunches toward the west along 
the Koukjuak, usually two to four birds. The pairs seem to stay together.” 
All the specimens collected by the present writer are typical of G. 
pacifica. 
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