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75. Corvus corax principalis Ridgway. northern raven. 
Eskimo: Killugak ; Tullugak-kak-kat, according to Hantzsch. 
The northern raven was seen at all points visited along the Baffin 
Island coast, from Strathcona sound and Ponds inlet on the north, to 
Amadjuak bay and cape Dorset on the south. It is especially numerous 
in Cumberland sound where it remains throughout the year. It was 
observed sparingly on the eastern side of Nettilling lake in the summer of 
1925, but was wholly absent from the west side. On the traverse from 
Cumberland sound to Foxe basin in January and February, 1926, not one 
raven was seen in the interior west of the head of Nettilling fiord. 
The northern raven possesses a musical, guttural note with a slightly 
bell-like quality. This note is employed at times throughout the year. 
The raven at any time may, also, utter a strange call like thung-thung-thung , 
which bears a remarkable resemblance to the mellow twang of a tuning- 
fork, being, like it, rich, full, vibrant, and musical. Another expression 
has a metallic, liquid-like quality after the style of the red-winged black- 
bird, though greatly magnified in volume. The ravens possess a great 
range of notes, from their customary melancholy croaks, through numerous 
performances in striking imitation of other birds such as geese and gulls, 
up to the melodious accomplishment first mentioned. 
J. C. Ross (1826, p. 97) states that a pair remained at port Bowen 
throughout the winter of 1824-25. Kumlien (1879, p. 78) found the raven 
very common about Cumberland sound and on the eastern shore of the Penny 
highlands in 1877-78. Hantzsch (1914, pp. 138-139) found the species to 
be common in Cumberland sound throughout the winter of 1909-10. 
During the summer of 1910 he saw it nowhere about Nettilling lake except 
at Isoa. It was sparingly observed along Foxe basin from October, 1910, 
until April, 1911. Said by Low (1906, p. 319) to be found sparingly every- 
where in the north. 
76. Carpodacus purpureus (Gmelin). purple finch. 
Kumlien (1879, p. 75) records that one of these birds was caught on 
board the Florence off Resolution island on September 1, 1877. 
77. Pyrrhula cassini Baird, cassin bullfinch. 
While hunting in the mountains near Oosooadluin harbour in the 
northern part of Cumberland sound, Kumlien (1879, pp. 74-75) saw a 
bird which he could not secure, but which in his opinion was either this 
species or Pyrrhula europoea. He was inclined to believe it was cassini . 
The bird was in full song and haunting some low willows on the grassy 
ledges of a perpendicular cliff about 1,500 feet above sea-level, 
78. Acanthis hornemanni (Holboll). Greenland redpoll. 
Eskimo : Saksariak, -ak , -at , according to Hantzsch. 
Redpolls were first observed on the 1923 Canadian Arctic Expedition 
at Pangnirtung fiord on September 14. They were not again seen, and no 
specimens secured, in 1923. 
They were next noted on September 1, 1924, at Blacklead island, 
but as no birds were obtained the species is not known. Five specimens 
of the present species were taken from a large flock at Pangnirtung fiord 
on September 24, and two others from a small flock in the same locality 
on December 31, 1925. Redpoll tracks were seen in the snow at Pang- 
nirtung on January 5, 1926. 
