33 
The autumn female is generally characterized by much fine vermicu- 
lation, making an intimate mixture of colours. The barring is only faintly 
discernible and much of it is due to the remains of the previous plumage. 
Few specimens show the plumage in perfection, as the winter plumage 
commences to appear before all the spring feathers have been shed. Oc- 
casional birds show an entirely different pattern. No. 50 illustrates this 
in highest development, but it is more or less evident in Nos. 47, 49, and 51. 
No. 50 is sharply but finely barred on breast and up foreneck and flanks 
and the vermiculations on the back are coarse, sparse, and rather broken. 
This plumage may be due either to age or individual dichromatism. 
The distinction between the two groups of autumn females is not as 
marked as between spring females, but it is still obvious. The one group 
is distinctly more rusty, yellowish, and warm, the other grey and cold. 
Remains of previous plumage connect these birds well with the preceding 
groups I and II. 
It will be noted that the Newfoundland birds, which in the A. 0. U. 
Check-list (1910) are given distinct specific standing, are included with 
those from Greenland and Baffin island. I can see no reason for separating 
them from these birds. Indeed, allowing for the slight difference in plum- 
age condition and the known individual variation in the species, No. 51 is 
practically identical with 47. ( See also remarks under groups VII and VIII.) 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED 
VII 
Autumn Males 
Yellow Group 
53. 
P.A.S. 
26966 
Disko, Greenland 
. . Aug. 
7, 
54. 
M.C.Z. 
48364 
Urnanak, Greenland 
. . Aug. 
, 1896 
55. 
a 
48439 
Disko, Cfreenland 
2, 1899 
56. 
N.M.C. 
7113 
Melville is., Frank 
. .Aug. 
16, 1909 
57. 
a 
9941 
Coronation gulf, N.W.T 
. .Aug. 
19, 1915 
58. 
44 
9940 
. . Aug. 
19, 1915 
59. 
44 
9945 
Bathurst inlet, N.W.T 
6, 1915 
60. 
44 
8819 
Coekburn pt., N.W.T 
. . Sept. 
30, 1914 
61. 
44 
9875 
Kay pt., Yukon 
. .Aug. 
18, 1914 
62. 
44 
10133 
Cape Kellett, Banks is 
VIII 
Autumn Males 
Grey Group 
12, 1914 
Almost white 
63. 
U.S.N.M. 
20346 
Sukkertoppen, Greenland. . . . 
. .July 
24, 1860 
64. 
N.M.C. 
7114 
Middle Hudson str 
24, 1909 
Almost white 
65. 
44 
7111 
44 
24, 1909 
44 
66. 
C.M. 
74232 
MeLelan str., Ungava 
. - Aug. 
9, 1920 
67. 
44 
74233 
u 
. . Aug. 
9, 1920 
68. 
N.M.C. 
10131 
Cape Kellett, Banks is 
5, 1914 
Almost white 
69. 
44 
8775 
Coekburn pt., N.W.T 
. . Oct. 
1, 1914 
44 
70. 
44 
21146 
Amadjuak, Baffin is , . 
Newfoundland 
. .Aug. 
7, 1926 
71. 
M.C.Z. 
53606 
16, 1910 
72. 
44 
110726 
Codroy, Newfoundland 
. . Aug. 
5, 1895 
73. 
44 
60515 
Mt. Blowdown, Newfoundland. Oct. 
2, 1912 
