THE LAMELUCORNIA, OR “CHAFERS.” 149 
cervus, moreover, the larva exhibits traces of these 
folds on the front of its body. There is, also, another 
genus ( Sinodendron ) of the Ln canid se, which has an 
excess of development in the thorax of the male, as in 
many of the species of Lamellicorma. 
The Lucanid.e have ten-jointed antennae, with a 
long basal joint ; the ligula membranous or leathery, 
bilobed, ciliated, and situated on the inner side of the 
mentum, except in Sinodendron, where it is situated at 
the apex ; the mandibles exposed, and often attaining 
an enormous size in the male ; the outer lobe of the 
maxillae not toothed, and ending in a pencil of hair; 
the sides of the elytra covering the abdominal epi- 
pleura ; the prosternum large ; the intermediate coxa; 
transverse ; and the abdomen composed of five ventral 
segments, with an extra segment in the male. 
.Luccmus cervus, the “ stag-beetle,” is well known to 
most inhabitants of our southern counties ; the male, 
with branching antlers or jaws, being often seen 
sailing in a ponderous way round oak-trees in its 
search for the female, or blundering in flight along 
country laues about July, especially towards evening. 
The males have been noticed fighting for the posses- 
sion of the other sex, whose mandibles are very 
small, and which may be sometimes observed upon 
pathways, on her back, sprawling out her legs iu 
empty air, liaviug dropped from her leafy perch. 
This species is not peculiar to the oak, but is found 
sometimes on willow ; the specimens reared from the 
latter tree being smaller than the oak-fed examples. 
It is, however, a well-known fact, that great differ- 
ences iu size are always found in species of which the 
larvae feed on wood; owing to the many variations to 
