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structed his sectional, swinging comb, or “ Leaf Hive,” 
the combs of which could be swung apart like the 
leaves of a book. 
It was known long ago, that bees would build on 
bars or sticks across their hives, and Dzierzon, of Carl- 
markt, in Germany, availed himself of that fact in con- 
structing his bar-hives; in it. the bees built their combs 
on movable-bars, attaching their edges to the hive ; 
these attachments had to be separated before the 
combs could be removed. To prevent this side attach- 
ment, Taylor, of England, describes ihe following in 
“ Taylor’s Bee-Keeper’s Manual — *• For the purpose 
of preventing the bees from attaching the combs to the 
glass, thin upright strips of wood, rather more than 
half an inch thick, are tacked under each bar at both 
ends, extending from the top to the bottom, inside the 
hive.” 
These upright strips were close-fitting to the hive. 
M. Debeauvay, of France in his “ Guide del Apicul ■ 
ture,” (second edit on published in 1847, third edition 
in 1851,) describes his movable-frames, the tops of 
which were narrow and close-fitting to the honey -board 
above them, their sides and bottom being at suitable dis- 
tances from each other and from the case. About the 
year 1852, the movable-comb frames became known 
and patented in the United States. Many improve- 
ments have been made, and movable-comb hives are 
