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POLYPODIACEAE, FERN FAMILY 
Polypodium vulgare L., Polypody, Parasitic Sword Fern 
Bella Coola: Roots — sometimes mixed with leaves of the red 
cedar {Thuja plicata Dorm) or with other medicinal roots which the 
informant had forgotten — boiled, and the warm decoction taken intern- 
ally for pains in the stomach, but not for vomiting or diarrhoea. 
Neither an emetic nor a purgative. 
Roots chewed for swollen sore throat. 
Southern Cairier: Not used. 
Asplenium cyclosorum Rupr., Lady Fern 
Bella Coola: Little roots cleaned off, from five to ten centres, 
mixed at times with roots or branches of the currant ( Ribes laxiflorum 
Pursh. var.), boiled strongly, but for a short time only, and the decoc- 
tion used as a wash for sore eyes. 
Southern Carrier: Not used. 
Aspidium spinulosum Sw., Shield Fern 
Bella Coola: Root eaten raw to neutralize poisoning from eating 
several kinds of shell-fish in the early part of the summer. 
Fern, species uncertain 
Northern Carrier: Root boiled and the decoction taken internally 
for worms. 
Gitksan: The large, round, green root-stock, but not the rootlets, 
mashed with bark of balsam fir {Abies grandis Lindl.) and devil's 
club {Fatsia horrida Sm. B. and H.), a little gum of scrub pine {Pinus 
contorta Dougl.) or tideland spruce {Picea sitchensis Carr), and root 
of skunk cabbage {Lysichiton kamtschatcense Schott), warmed a little, 
and applied to a boil or ulcer, which it brought to a head. Also used 
for rheumatism, and as a plaster on the chest for hemorrhage of the 
lungs. 
LYCOPODIACEAE, CLUB MOSS FAMILY 
Lycopodium clavatum L., Common Club Moss 
Southern Carrier: Inserted in the nose to cause bleeding and cure 
headache. 
TAXACEAE, YEW FAMILY 
Taxus brevifolia Nutt., Yew 
Bella Coola: Branches with leaves boiled, and the decoction 
taken internally for the lungs. Neither a purgative nor an emetic. 
