71 
downward (westerly). There was a pronounced upward movement 
about mid-July, not only of non-breeding birds, but also of family groups. 
This was especially noticeable in the case of spotted sandpipers, Hudsonian 
chickadees, hairy woodpeckers, Bohemian waxwings, and golden-crowned 
kinglets. There was an autumn migratory movement in evidence begin- 
ning August 12, in which birds such as the GrinneH’s water-thrush, Lin- 
coln's sparrow, black-poll warbler, and orange-crowned warbler appeared — 
birds that gave no evidence of being in this section earlier in the summer. 
The song season ended very abruptly about the middle of July. 
It seemed noteworthy that birds here after nesting formed strange 
partnerships and all the smaller birds were met in mixed companies. In 
August, juncos, myrtle warblers, and Hudsonian chickadees formed one 
never-failing combination; the white-winged crossbills, redpolls, and pine 
siskins formed another; yet such mixtures as “a dozen juncos, as many 
myrtle warblers, a family of jays, three olive-sided flycatchers, and two or 
three chickadees" were often met, and other strangely assorted flocks 
appeared almost daily. 
With the exception of the Dali sheep which were numerous, and a 
few bears, both black and grizzly, there were no large mammals in the 
valley. Mice were found only at river-level and above timber-line. Traps 
set at intermediate points brought no results. 
The plant life of the upper Chitina valley was a most interesting 
feature. From mid-May when the first anemones bloomed (Anemone 
parviflora ) until the date of leaving in mid-August there was scarcely a 
day that did not add its new flower to the collection. For the most part 
the flowers did not colonize here as seen in some other regions, notably the 
Cascades, yet a few species: the fireweed (Epilobium angusti folium) in the 
burns, the red-purple Hedysarum ( Hedysarum Mackenzii) along the river 
banks and lower slopes, the Dryas ( Dryas Drummondii) of the gravelly 
river flats, the sister plant of that of the alpine slopes ( Dryas oetopetala ), 
and some others painted whole landscapes in glowing colours. 
The rapidity of growth here was shown by the following measure- 
ments on a stalk of fireweed ( Epilobium angustifolium ) that grew in the 
corner of the tent. From June 3 to 12 it grew 10| inches. Its average 
daily growth was about f inch; its shortest was ff; its longest was l£ 
inches — this last due slightly to the unfolding of the tip. The heat of the 
tent may have aided this growth a trifle. 
The quotations under various headings are from the writer’s daily 
notes. 
The critical and systematic work upon the collection of plants, birds, 
and mammals has been covered by Mr. M. O. Malte, Mr. P. A. Taverner, 
and Mr. R. M. Anderson respectively, and their findings are followed 
throughout. Acknowledgment is also due to Mr. A. 0. Wheeler of the 
Alpine Club of Canada for his advice and general helpfulness during 
preparation for the expedition. 
