106 
Sheep trails interesting engineering exhibits. Easiest ascents always 
by way of these trails. Every canyon had its path along rim. Several 
such highways through wooded draws worn by long usage. These sheep 
did not hesitate to enter woods and used burns as feeding grounds in May 
where first sprouting tufts of Zygadenus elegans gave first nibbles of green- 
ery. In fact their square tracks — not pointed as in the case of deer — met 
everywhere except in lower woods. 
Excellent climbers and gave many exhibitions of skill on cliffs and 
canyon walls. Gait stiffer and slower than expected; suggested sturdy 
strength, lacking bounding sprightliness of deer. Rams always carried 
themselves proudly, stiffly, and a trifle ungainly, when they bounded up a 
slope. Favourite sunning perches on dizzy projections of canyons where 
wind brought word of danger over only route open to foe. 
Horns of Chitina rams rather spreading. Those of oldest ram exam- 
ined— a skull found in woods where bears (?) had eaten rest — showed 
growth of about twelve years; exact calculation difficult as both horns had 
lost about 10 inches. In working upon five year-old specimen, August 9, 
noted that inner ring of horn (annual ring next head) not fully grown and 
at base much gristle and softer material. Space between base of horns 
wider than on older animals, quite disappearing in patriarchs. This 
five-year-old is thus only four years and three months of age, his annual ring 
not yet complete. Each ring, by growing wide in front and narrow behind, 
gives horn its curve. Growth takes place entirely at base. Spread of 
different individuals differs considerably. Thus spread of five-year-old 
almost equal to that of skull in canyon that denotes six-year-old head; 
this in turn considerably less than that of specimen shot May 17. New 
ring must complete growth some time in autumn or winter, doubtless before 
rutting season, which was said to be in December here. 
Same seen in comparing horns of May and August six-year-olds, basal 
ring of latter measuring (on top of curve) only 1^ inches against 3^ inches 
on spring specimen. Annual ring, of course, decreases in length with 
years. Thus basal section of seven-year-old specimen, found in canyon, 
measured 2§ inches, whereas basal ring of May six-year-old measured 
3^ inches. In case of very old specimens annual growth must retreat 
finally to a mere ridge. 
Wide difference also in horns of females, some of more aged ewes 
carrying horns with considerable curve and diameter. On July 29 old 
ewe with one straight and one curved horn seen above Trail End. 
Measurements of Chitina rams as follows: 
Adult six-year-old, May 17, 1926. Total length, 1,480 mm.; tail, 
100 mm.; hind foot, 410 mm.; height at shoulder, approximately 900 mm.; 
circumference of horn base, 349 mm.; spread of tips, approximately 690 
mm. 
Three-year-old, May 17, 1926. Total length, 1,430 mm.; tail, 85 
mm.; hind foot, 395 mm.; height at shoulder, approximately 920 mm. 
Adult six-year old, July 31, 1926. Total length, 1,430 mm.; tail, 
(skinned), 110 mm.; hind foot, 430 mm.; height at shoulder, 890 mm.; 
circumference of horn base, 340 mm.; spread of tips, 600 mm.; estimated 
weight, 275 pounds. (This specimen was destroyed by a black bear that 
raided camp.) 
