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DR. MILLER S 
own frames it will perhaps he easier for you to have no saw-kerf 
in the top-bar, but merely let the foundation come up to the top- 
bar on the under side, and cement it there with melted wax. 
Q. How close can frames be together where there are no 
foundation sheets used? Can they be 1)4 inches apart? I have 
them \y% inches, from center to center, and the bees build more 
combs in a hive than there are frames. 
A. You cannot have combs built true without having at least 
Fig. 18. Section of a grooved frame, showing method of fastening foundation in 
the top-bar with a wedge. 
starters, and full sheets are best, and 1 54 is close enough. If you 
try 1)4 you will find the bees will do still worse than with 1 54 - 
The Dadants use frames spaced 1)4 from center to center. 
Q. Would you advise wiring or putting splints in shallow ex- 
tracting-frames (554 inches deep), or would they be as well with- 
out wire or splints? 
A. You can get along without any sort of support for the 
foundation by being more careful in handling the frames and 
taking a little more time with- the extractor, especially while the 
combs are new. The time of putting in the supports must be 
figured against the extra time of manipulation without supports. 
Q. I suggest, instead of the 10-frame hive being made wider, 
that the frames be made one-sixteenth of an inch narrower, 
which would leave five-eighths of an inch more extra room than 
there is now. So as not to decrease greatly the space between 
the top-bars it would probably be good to have the top-bars at 
least one-thirty-second of an inch narrower than they now are. 
