30 
(3) The Cane (Qaat) 
This pole is also called Ribs-of-the-Frogs (^Anptcehl-ranaa^o). The 
upper part cannot be described fully for lack of a complete record. Its 
figures are (Plate III, figure 3) : in the upper part, two human figures,^ 
one above the other, possibly Starfish-person (Gycedem^ramats)} a Raven 
is likely once to have surmounted the pole, as the spur at the top seems to 
indicate; a small Eagle (Mawdzeks ) or Child-of-the-Sun (Hlku-hlawrhs ), 
in bare outline, with wings brought forward on its body; the head of a small 
quadruped turned' downwards, possibly a small Wolverine, a spirit-name 
owned within the clan; Big-Wolverine (Weeinenaiuzek ),^ head downwards 
and a short tail turned back on its spine; the Water-lily (Skasewasandet ), 
in two branches; the Raven-drum (Qaqawm’anuhl), a box-like device the 
front side of which, on the pole, has the appearance of a native copper 
shield covered with an engraved, human-like figure (this may be meant 
to represent another crest also owned in other branches of the clan — 
People-in-the-copper-shield®) : the Prince-of-Ravens stands on top of the 
drum, with its wings outspread; Person-of-Starfish {Gycedem-ramats } with 
human-like features, whose face and body are covered with starfish — a 
starfish on the forehead, the nose, both hands, and the centre of the stomach; 
the ancestress ’Neegyamks (Sun-shines-on) or Frog-woman, with small 
frogs on her body^ — ^on the forehead, the nose, and possibly on other parts of 
the body; a smaller carving on Frog-woman’s body was chopped off many 
years ago. 
(4) The Starfish-person ( Gycedem-ramats ) 
The figures on this pole (Plate IV, figure 1) are: Prince-of-Ravens 
(Hlkuwilksehlkem-qaq), at the top, with wings open: nearly one-third of 
the upper part of the pole, under the Raven, is uncarved; Starfish-person 
(Gycedem-ramats ) — a starfish with four arms and a human face on the 
central disk; two Eagles (Mawdzeks), one above the other; presumably 
Person-of-the-drum ( Gycedem’ anuhl ) or Person-of-bottom-boards (Gycedem- 
tsawks); and Frog-dish (Tsakyem-ranaa’o ). 
(5) All-frogs (Trha-ranaa’o ) 
The name of this pole is All-frogs, from its reference to the myth of 
’Neegyamks, Frog-person. Its figures are: the ancestress ’Neegyamks, 
with small frogs crawling down her body and her hands; and the heads of 
two other frogs in her eyes; three Hanging-frogs (Spcerem-ranaa’o ) with 
head down, one above the other (Plate IV, figure 2). 
(6) The Raven-drum ( Qaqawm'anuhl ) 
The name of this pole is Raven-drum (Qaqawm'anuhl) or Raven-of- 
the-drum or Frog-person (Gycedeyn-ranaa'o). Its figures (Plate IV, figure 
lAccording to Kweenu’a verbal description; from recollection. 
rrhis is a chief’s name in the Kisgagas tribe of the Gitksan, near the junction of the Skeena and the Babine or 
Kisgagas river, near the headwaters. 
The Poles of Ha'ku and T-kaku, of Kitwanga, p. 45. 
