49 
Hlengwah, as chief of his own household and that of Arhkawt, owns 
three totem poles, which still stand at Kitwanga, four carved house poles, 
and a section of an older pole which was recently purchased for the National 
Museum of Canada. 
DESCRIPTIONS 
The Man-crushing-log (Qcenugyet)^ totem pole lies on the ground^ 
at the upper end of the front row of totem poles (Plate VII, figure 4). 
It belongs to the family of Arhkawt. Its figures are from the top down:® 
Whole-being or Whole-man or All-one-person ( Marhkyawl ), as it is named, 
among the Gitksan ; or among the Tsimsyan; a large human 
face, presumably Half-way-out (Ramdeprh-scBtu); six small figures above 
each other, representing the Kitamat and other scacoast warriors defeated 
in their attack on the fortress Ta’awdzep and crushed by the logs rolling 
down the steep slope; Whole-being (Marhkyawl) again; and a representa- 
tion, at the bottom of the pole, of Half-way-outh 
The newer Man -crushing-log (Qcenugyet) pole (Plate VII, figure 5; 
Plate VIII, figure 1) stands at the west end of the back row of totem poles. 
Its figures are: the Door (Flaw' ) or the fortress door, formerly covered 
with deer hoofs, it represents the door of the Ta’awdzep fortress at the time 
when the Kitamat and seacoast warriors came to attack Naeqt and his tribe; 
Thunder-bird (Geeladal); Nseqt or Tongue-licked, the famous warrior in 
his Grizzly-bear armour, the Gyelarht (Strike-just-once) war club in his 
hand — a magical club, a single blow of which caused death; the Man- 
crushing-log ( Qwnugyet ), whi«h here represents the logs that rolled down the 
slope and killed the enemies scaling it; two of the Kitamat warriors 
crushed by the log; Whole-being (Marhkyawl)] and, at the bottom, the 
Toad (Warh^as) or Flying-frog (Geepceigem-ranaa’o ). 
The Raven-sailing-through-the-air® (Qansil or Ksilem-qaq) stands next 
to the Man-crushing pole in the back row (Plate VII, figure fi; Plate VIII, 
figure 2). Its figures are: Raven-sailing-through-the-air, at the top, or 
what is described as “the first of the three Raven children”; and chief 
Arhkawt, in whose memory the pole was erected, Arhkawt’s garments — 
a bear skin,® and twisted bark cedar rings — are like those which he wore 
at a festival. The bearskin garment that u.sed to cover his body, on the 
pole, was the Sticky-blanket or Nacqt’s grizzly-bear armour (Kivisendcd- 
zae'hl ), a crest, and the copper slab under his arm is a pictorial reference 
to a poUa*ch (or feast) in which he appeared with a valuable copper shield 
(haya'ts) in his possession. 
A section of an old pole, which stood for many years in front of Hleng- 
wah’s house,’ at Kitwanga, is now in the keeping of the National Museum, 
at Ottawa (Plate VIII, figure 3). The name of the pole was Nseqt (Tongue- 
licked), from the famous warrior, an ancestor of the present Arhkawt, 
*Or Trap-for-people or Human-trap. 
*It has now been placed under cover at the initiative of the Totem Pole Committee, of Ottawa. 
*One, at least, of the figures at the top has fallen off and decayed. 
♦The.se figures were identified by .\.lfred Sinclair, the interpreter, who was the present Arhkawt. We have 
already noted his bias in one respect, which was to consider human-like figures on various poles as representing 
chiefs in whose memory the pole was erected. Instead of giving the name of Half-way-out to two of the figures, he 
thought that they were representatives of chief Arhkawt, in who.se memory the pole was erected. 
♦Sinclair, the interpreter, used the word "volplaning." 
•The Bear skin seems to have been in reference to the grizzly-bear armour of the ancestor Na>at. 
'Or Jim Larahnita. 
