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ORIGIN 
The traditional accounts of orip^in bearing on the Thunder-bird and 
the Whole-being ( Marhkyawl ) are the same as for Hlengwah. But the 
origin of the Flying-frog is remembered circumstantially, as follows: when 
Maskeebu (who later became the famous warrior Njeqt) had grown up 
into manhood, at Gitlarhdamks, on the upper Nass, he was sent by his 
uncle Maslegyae’ns) to hunt swans at a small lake named Floating-water- 
people. His companion, while he hunted, was his cousin Qalksedeprhaet. 
As they w^atched the swans at a short distance from each other, they man- 
aged to snare some of them. A Flying-frog (Warh'as ) jumped on to 
Maskeebids shoulder, while he was squatting at the edge of the lake. He 
caught it with his hands, and noticed that it was very small, smaller than 
the common frog, and it had wings. His companion took it home and made 
a ceremonial hat like it, for Maskeebu to use as a crest. A big feast was 
then given, and Maskeebu put the hat on and showed it to the guests 
(while giving presents). When Maskeebu moved down from the Nass 
to the Skeena, he brought the Fljdng-frog emblem with him. “That is 
why we have the Flying-frog in our family.” 
FUNCTION 
This totem pole was erected about 1907 in memory of Halus, through 
the initiative of two of his relatives, an old woman named Senantus, and 
Halus' “brother” Tawalih. It is 26 feet high and of fairly good plastic 
quality, although the figures were completely painted — white, dark red, 
ochre, and black. The log was flattened on one side, though the core was 
not removed. The Geeladal as represented here is a human-like being, 
except for his long, curved beak, and the two wings covering his stomach, 
which he seems to hold under his arms. The Frogs are not actually re- 
presented with wings, as they are on a pole at Gitwinlkul and on a small 
marble monument not far from it at Kitwanga. 
(9) Poles of Tseen and Lutkudzeeus, at Gitenmaks (Hazelton) 
OWNERS 
The household of Lutkudzeeus originated through a subdivision of 
the family of Tseen, of the same tribe. Both Tseen and Lutkudzeeus 
consider Wistis or Barhs-rabarhs of Gitsegyukla as very closely related 
to them. They seem to have belonged to the same family, in Gitsegyukla, 
until fairly recently — that is, some time in the last century. Lutkudzeeus 
established a separate house only when that of Tseen became too small to 
accommodate all its members; and this may have happened only after 
1850, at the time when the Gitenmaks tribe occupied the old village site 
immediately west of the present town of Hazelton. The name of the 
family chief in those days was Nawle. Their common origin is traced 
back to Temlaham, on the Skeena.^ 
‘The possibility should be kept in mind that they may represent the original family of the Njeqtclan at Tem- 
laham, which stayed on at Gitenmaks while Nseqt sojourned among various tribes: in other words, they may not 
be the descendants of Nseqt, although belonging to the same clan. 
