67 
tribe, or more properly, the Wild-rice ( GiVanrasrh ) tribe, which antedated 
Qaldo. They still retain their hunting grounds in the Groundhog. Nawle, 
also of the Larhsail phratry, was the earlier head-chief of Gitenmaks, whom 
Gitemraldo supplanted through his ability and success in the potlatch. 
Sanaws’ household came into existence not long ago as a subdivision of 
the family of Gitemraldo. Gitemraldo's clan relatives abroad are: Ram- 
larhyselk and Lurhawn, of Gitwinlkul ; ’Weemenawzek, and Ksemgunseq 
of Qaldo; Maluleq, of Kisgagas; Ma’us, of Kispayaks; Kelraenerh, of 
Gitlarhdamhs; and other members of the Wild-rice clan abroad. 
Gitemraldo and his family until recently owned two totem poles at 
Hazelton, one on the old village site — which fell along the road many 
years ago, but was photographed before it was destroyed in 1926 — and the 
other on the Indian reserve, in front of a potlatch house, the first pole and 
tallest in the row. Sanaws also owns a totem pole, which stands at the 
northern end of the Indian reserve at Hazelton. 
DESCRIPTION 
The pole of Gitemraldo on the old village site was called Doorway- 
person (Aneksigyet) or Half-way-out (Plate XI, figure 3). It consisted 
of a large, human-like being through the body of whom was the ceremonial 
entrance into the feast house. It illustrated the crest Heeladal, which 
belongs to this family. The small human beings — four or five of them — ■ 
placed like a crown around his head, are called Lying-outwards-in-water^ 
(Gyawtkeeks) or “Small-children” (Gobetkyoehlu). 
The second pole of Gitemraldo is the tallest on the reserve (Plate XI, 
figure 4). It may be called Nose-like-cohoe (Tsaram-ccghu), from one of 
its heraldic emblems. The upper third of the pole has been adzed into a 
plain, square shaft. The figures below are: Corpse-split-in-two (Gistarh- 
luleq); Nose-like-cohoe (Tsaram-ceqhu); the next human-like being is pre- 
sumably the spirit-name of the chief of this family, Man-of-the-wilds or 
Bush-man (Gyosdem-raldo), with a small Frog,^ his crest, on his forehead 
and in his hands the Small-children or Lying-outwards-in-water (as 
above); and, at the bottom, either Half-way-out (as above) or Man-of- 
the-wilds. 
The pole of Sanaws'* (Plate XI, figure 5) consists of a plain shaft, 
about 25 feet high, with two birds, the Eagle ( Mawdzeks ), one above the 
other, near the lower part of the pole. 
ORIGIN 
Although it was nearly impossible to get reliable information on the 
family of Gitemraldo, owing to its being practically extinct, it is clear 
that the crests are mostly the same as are used by the other branches of 
the Wild-rice clan abroad. 
■Like salmon. 
>This frog stands for the Flying-frogs, to which crest this family is entitled like the other members of the clan. 
*The Frog is held in his hands as a soul {awdzen) is held by a medicine man. It .seems to be the same crest as 
is shown on one of Hleng\s'ah'B carved house-posts at Kitwanga and called Soul-put-on (Kurk-awduntuk). Both 
may go back to the same prototype (Cf. The Poles of Hlengwah, of Kitwanga. ) 
*Tbe old chief of this household at Hazelton is known under the name of Mozes Sanaws. 
