126 
pating; success, they said, “We will take this as a crest.” Siiweeraus con- 
quered his emblem of Tree-dweller, and Nurlis, the White-Owl, on the same 
expedition. 
No setiolopical explanation is given of the other crests, Wolf-ciit-in- 
half and the Climbing-bears. The Clim.bing-bears presumably go back 
to the sam.e source as those appearing on Malee’s poles at Gitwinlkul, 
though their two respective clans are not genealogically connected. 
FUNCTION AND CARVER 
This pole was erected about thirty-five years ago^ in memory of 
Kwawhadaq. It was described as “his grave. 
The carver was Gitemraldo (the predecessor of the present), the head- 
chief of the Gitenmaks tribe, belonging to the Larhsail phratry. His 
work is fairly crude, yet the style of high relief shows that the artist was 
conscientious and painstaking. 
(40) Poles of Kyawlugyet, at Qaldo 
Kyawlugyet has been the head of the Wild-rice clan of the Wolf phratry 
from time imm^emorial. This clan, as we have seen (page 122), was 
first located at Village-of-the-wild-rice (Gitanrasrh), between the head- 
waters of Skeena river and Bear lake.® The families issued from it 
are now located at Qaldo (Kyawlugyet, Kwawhamawn, and Luus), at 
Kisgagas ( Kweelarhran, Neekyap, and Kwunitu and at Kis- 
payaks (Amagyet and Ksemqaqh) . 
The largest and most important totem pole at Qaldo belongs to a 
chief of this clan, preseumably Kyav/lugyet. It fell to the ground some 
years ago. 
DESCRIPTION 
This pole was photographed and measured by Mr. Diamond Jenness 
in the course of an expedition in the spring of 1924, from his headquarters 
at Hazelton to Qaldo, about 80 miles northeast — that is, over 250 miles 
from the seacoast. 
Its figures are, from the top downwards: One of Yawl's brothers, 
captured by Large-belly, whose body the monster split open with his 
knife-like nose (the deep groove in the body on the pole is meant to illus- 
trate this feature of the myth); Large-body or Tree-dweller, with a long, 
beak-like nose (now fallen off) and a bulging stomach; another of Yawl's 
brothers, whose body is split in two; and a four-lobed figure which, in all 
likelihood, is meant for Shadow-of-the-tree in the lake. 
iQur informant. Prank Clarke, of Hazelton (in 9124), believed it to have been erected over forty years ago. 
The new village itself is said to have been e.stablished only after the Indian Agent took up his duties about 1889. 
The pole was erected subsequently, that is presumably less than thirty-five years ago. 
*The families of Kwawhadaq and Kytehu have become extinct, and the name of Kwawhadaq has been assumed 
for its preservation by a local member of the Prairie clan, of the family of Spawrh (Edward Clarke). 
*It is quite likely that this clan originated from the Tahltan, some time in the past. There is, however, no 
explicit tradition to confirm this assumption. There .°eems to be no connexion between it and the Prairie clan, 
which also goes back to the Tahltans, but cropp)ed up by way of the seacoast and the Nass. 
