151 
Gitsegyukla. People-of-Segyukla: Oh the Skeena, near the present Skeens 
Crossing, about 12f miles above Kitwanga. 
14 Fireweed poles and figures 
5 Larhsail or Frog-Raven poles 
Gitenmaks. Torch-light-fishing-people. The present Hazelton, at the 
junction of Skeena and Bulkley rivers, 25 miles above Kitwanga or 
176 from Prince Rupert on the coast. 
5 Frog-Raven poles (standing or fallen) 
3 Wolf poles (standing or fallen) 
Hagwelget. The Mild-people. A Carrier or Babine tribe, of the interior 
nomadic Athapascan stock. Three miles above Hazelton, at the 
canyon of the Bulkley. 
2 Wolf poles 
1 Larhsailyu pole 
1 unclassined pole 
Kispayaks. Tribe-of-the-Hiding-place. Ten miles above Hazelton, at 
the junction of Skeena and Kispayaks (Kispiox) rivers. 
13 Fireweed poles and figures, plus one pole decaying on the ground 
6 Wolf poles 
4 Frog-Raven poles 
Kisgagas. Sea-gull-people. About 50 miles above Hazelton, on Babine 
(or Kisgagas) river, 3 or 4 miles above the junction of this river with 
the Skeena. 
1 Fireweed pole 
1 unclassified pole 
1 fallen (not carved, but painted) 
Qaldo. About 70 or 80 miles above Hazelton, or 250 miles from the coast, 
on the upper Skeena, in Groundhog district. 
1 Wolf pole, fallen 
2 others, house posts, unclassified 
Modem mission villages, such as Glen Vowell and Andimawl have no 
totem pole. 
GITKSAN SOCIAL ORGANIZATION 
Tribes, The tribes, as listed above, have their headquarters at vil- 
lages of the same name. Each of them consists of a number of households, 
the inmates of which in former times may have numbered a few hundreds. 
Their population is now greatly reduced. The villages removed from the 
modern centres and railroads are largely deserted — Qaldo, Kisgagas, and 
also, to a lesser extent, Gitwinlkul. The Qaldo and Kisgagas people are 
mostly in Kispayaks, Glen Vowell, and Hazelton. Many of the Gitwinlkul 
people have moved away to Nass river — to Gitlarhdamks, in particular, or 
to Kitwanga and Gitsegyukla. 
The households in each tribe belonged either to the same kinship 
group and were closely related; in other words, they belonged to the same 
clan; their ancestors, their privileges, their crests, their hunting grounds, 
and their ada-orh (mythic and pseudo history), were identical. Or they 
