43 
wear in the hand. Two other makeshift tools are made from the upper 
half of a metatarsus and the proximal half of a radius of the deer. The 
latter is broken off at an angle, and parts of the broken edges of both 
specimens are worn from use. 
The pointed, broken ends of several splinters of bone are worn from 
use, possibly as pottery markers, for which some of them are adapted. 
The worn and polished appearance of the broken edges of some of the 
spalls of bone, suggest that they were perhaps utilized as scrapers. 
The clam shell shown in Plate XX, figure 6, besides having the edges 
worn, seems to have been used in some smoothing operation, probably 
on the inside of pottery vessels, with the result that its side was worn down 
until a hole appeared. Another shell has the side similarly worn, but not 
enough to produce a hole. Clam shells, similarly worn on the sides, 
are common at later Neutral sites in the same county and in Waterloo 
county. 
DECORATIVE ART 
Decorative art is confined almost exclusively to earthenware 
pots and pipes. The only other ornamented articles were bone awls and 
an antler comb. It is probable that ornamentation was applied also to 
perishable materials such as skins, wood, and bark. 
With the exception of a few crude, but undoubted representations 
of the human face, and a fragment of a possible animal form, the art is 
mainly geometric. It consists of the following decorative elements: 
notches, round and oval pits, irregular or angular depressions, short 
vertical and oblique lines, crescentic depressions, horizontal lines, curved 
lines, circles, and nodes. Although most of these elements occur on pottery, 
a few, such as notches, round or oval pits, oblique lines, crescentic depres- 
sions, and horizontal lines, also occur on earthenware pipes. Notches 
and lines are seen on a few bone awls. 
In most cases the decoration on pottery consists wholly of one of 
these elements, horizontal lines occurring on the largest number of pots 
and short oblique lines on the next largest number— the number of occur- 
rences of either one of these two elements alone being greater than that of 
all the other elements combined. Complex patterns composed of two or 
three different elements occurred on only one hundred and ninety-two 
pots, or about 16 per cent of all the pots bearing ornamentation. There 
are not many patterns represented, but some of the designs are quite 
distinctive. One is certainly an advance on those seen on later Neutral 
pottery, not even excepting such elaborate designs as the chevrons, which 
were not found at Uren. 
The purely technological processes involved in the production of the 
decorative elements on pottery have been discussed on pages 16 to 20 and 
need not be repeated here. 
Of the simpler kinds of decoration one of the most common consists 
of notches. On pots it is restricted to the outer and inner angles of the 
rims (See Plate IV, figure 5; Plate V, figure 2; Plate X, figure 12, and 
Plate XVIII, figures 4 and 5); the inner angle is notched in about twice as 
many pieces as the outer. This decoration occurs in combination with 
