15 
07. The distribution of these reserves will be best under- 
stood by a reference to the annexed map of Malacca, the Jus 
reserve is found to contain comparatively little timber except 
in immediate vicinity of the Bukit Punggor Hill range. There 
is also a clump of high forest about the position of the wore 
Jus as printed over the reserve on the map annexed, lhe 
North East side which fronts the cultivated land contains com- 
paratively few trees of good size and quality. The amount of 
well-wooded land in the reserve does not exceed, I believe, one- 
third of the total area. Within the reserve boundary there are 
a large number of squatters, whose houses are thickly dotted 
over the comparatively denuded portions. They are allowed to 
cultivate pcidi in the swampy land of the reserve, and to plant 
fruit trees on more elevated portions, privileges of which they 
seem to have extensively availed themselves. The gieatei poi- 
tion of the Kcsang reserve has been under tapioca cultivation 
with tlic exception of a narrow belt along the outside, which 
seems to have been left as a screen. There is, t-heiefoie, but 
little timber of value left in this reserve, and as lhe denuded 
portion contains only stray plants of tapioca, it will hate to 
be re-stocked artificially by planting. Gadek reserve has 4ilso 
been under cultivation to a large extent at a comparatively 
recent date, and has been much denuded, the remaining trees 
being chiefly secondary growth, and brush-wood, but I am of 
opinion that they require little else than protection to form a 
good forest. The Sungei Siput reserve at Brisu was cultivated 
over the north half within the memory of the presents quatters 
who are found within the reserve in considerable numbers *, the 
remainder of the reserve is stocked with good timber in fair 
proportion to the area. The reserve at Sungei Udaug once 
famous for its arang trees and still known to the natives as 
the Kayu Arang reserve contains at present hut few ebony trees. 
This is another example of that location of certain species 
which is a peculiarity of Malayan forest, and the numerous 
localities that hear the names of trees further instance this 
peculiarity. The centre of the Sungei Udang reserve is found 
well stocked with trees of fair size, but they grow less 
in number as the outside of the reserve is approached. In 
some parts of Jus, Paya Gcniok and Sungei Udang reserve 
I found the state of reproduction from seed of useful timbers 
in fair condition ; but the reserves at Kcsang, Gadek and 
Sungei Siput are not satisfactory in this respect. 
08. The extent of waste land in Malacca is very small 
when compared with Singapore, and may amount to ,10,000 
acres. These lands do not remain in that bare condition which 
is so common in Singapore, and therefore I conclude that 
tapioca cultivation does not destroy as much as gambier the 
chances of reproduction of trees from seed. I have given con- 
siderable attention to this subject, and I give a list of trees, 
creepers, &c., observed to occur on those waste lands. See 
Appendix A. 
( bb, The system of protection in Malacca is as meagre as 
in Singapore. The forest rangers are under the control of the 
Collector of Land Revenue and like those in Singapore reside in 
the chief town ; but Malacca is peculiar as being the only Settle- 
ment in which I found any forest rules or regulations. These 
consist of a Government notice posted up in the streets and 
villages prohibiting the removal of timber and mineral produce 
from the forest reserves. The amount of fines imposed for 
breaches of these rules amounted in 1881 to $1,536, which 
contrasts favourably with the sum received in Singapore during 
the same year. Payment is made to the Government of lOths 
from wood oil, and there is a royalty on timber; hut, besides 
* 
Waste Lands, 
Regulations. 
