612 
clvii. GRAMiNBiB (Stapf). [Echinochloa. 
Mpueto, Descamps ; Boma, Laurent ; Sicia & Bingila, Dupuis (De Wild. & 
Durand, Contrib. FI. Congo I. ii. 72, referred to P. Crus-Galli, var. Petiveri). 
Albertville, Descamps (De Wild. & Durand, l.c.). 
Piani swamps, Lomba, Dewevre, 1042 (De Wild. & Durand, Bel. Dewevr. 
256). 
Lukafu, Verdicl, 491 (De Wild. Etudes FI. Katanga, 2). 
Banana ; Temvo, Galiema, Bandundu, M’Fini and Itimbiri, Am. Laurent 
(De Wild. Miss. E. Laurent, 200). 
Between Kisantu and the Kwango, Butaye, 3713. Lac Foa, Lescrauwaet, 
234 ; Kisantu, Gillet, 3775 ; Lemfu, Butaye, coll. Gillet, 3474 ; Dolo and 
Yokoma, collector not stated (De Wild. Etudes FI. Bas et Moyen-Congo, ii. 11). 
A troublesome weed in Europe, but often referred to as a valuable fodder grass 
in other parts of the world (Duthie, Fodd. Grass. N. Ind. 6 ; Vasey, Agr. 
Grass. United States, ed. ii. 27 ; Maiden, Man. Grass. N. S. Wales, 38-41) 
These references also cover no doubt other closely allied species. At the same 
time it may be assumed that E. Crus-Galli — or at any rate some of its races — 
share the valuable qualities ascribed to this “ E. Crus-Galli ” of authors. In 
Egypt P. Crus-Galli (vulg. Dinebha) is extensively and successfully used for 
the reclamation of saline land and as a green crop (Yearbook U.S. Dept. Agric. 
1902, 580-582). 
5. E. Crus-Pavonis, Schult. Mant. ii. 269. Annual, up to 5 ft. 
high, with copious plump root-fibres. Culms erect, stout, up to over 
3 lin. thick and spongy below, glabrous, smooth, 5-8-noded, simple 
or very sparingly branched, sheathed all along or the internodes at 
length more or less exserted. Leaf-sheaths terete, striate, smooth, 
quite glabrous or rarely slightly hirsute towards the junction with 
the blade, or ciliate upwards ; ligules 0, junction of sheath and blade 
quite glabrous inside or scantily and very minutely pubescent, 
rarely with a few short stiff hairs ; blades lanceolate-linear to linear 
from a slightly narrowed base, which is often long-decurrent in the 
upper leaves, tapering to a very fine point, 5 to over 15 in. by 5-10 tin., 
flat, rather firm, glabrous, more or less rough upwards, otherwise 
usually smooth, margins cartilaginous, scabrid to spinulose, midrib 
up to f lin. broad, flat above, whitish, lateral primary nerves 4-6 on 
each side, slightly prominent. Panicle erect, linear-oblong to 
linear-lanceolate in outline, 4-12 in. long, dense or sometimes 
depauperate and loose ; axis moderately stout and usually flatly 
triquetrous with a rounded back, or if stouter pluriangular, often 
smooth at the base, then scaberulous to very scabrid upwards ; 
branches solitary or frequently here and there subopposite, mostly 
approximate and nearly always (also the lowest) longer to much 
longer than the internodes, obliquely erect, often very numerous, 
4-1 in. long, forming sessile stout mostly very dense downwards 
compound false spikes, leaving after the fall of the spikelets a neatly 
pinnate skeleton of axes ; rhachis slender, J— J (rarely J) lin. wide, 
triquetrous, scaberulous to scabrid, usually setose at the base and 
with or without scattered stiff hairs upwards ; pedicels fascicled on 
very short and contracted branchlets to 2-nate, very short, scabrid, 
tips obscurely discoid. Spikelets in compact clusters, ovate-elliptic 
